Enhancing interferometer phase estimation, sensing sensitivity, and resolution using robust entangled states

James F. Smith III

doi:10.1117/1.OE.56.11.111710

25 May 2017 Enhancing interferometer phase estimation, sensing sensitivity, and resolution using robust entangled states

James F. Smith III

Author Affiliations +

Optical Engineering, Vol. 56, Issue 11, 111710 (May 2017). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.56.11.111710

Abstract

With the goal of designing interferometers and interferometer sensors, e.g., LADARs with enhanced sensitivity, resolution, and phase estimation, states using quantum entanglement are discussed. These states include N00N states, plain M and M states (PMMSs), and linear combinations of M and M states (LCMMS). Closed form expressions for the optimal detection operators; visibility, a measure of the state’s robustness to loss and noise; a resolution measure; and phase estimate error, are provided in closed form. The optimal resolution for the maximum visibility and minimum phase error are found. For the visibility, comparisons between PMMSs, LCMMS, and N00N states are provided. For the minimum phase error, comparisons between LCMMS, PMMSs, N00N states, separate photon states (SPSs), the shot noise limit (SNL), and the Heisenberg limit (HL) are provided. A representative collection of computational results illustrating the superiority of LCMMS when compared to PMMSs and N00N states is given. It is found that for a resolution 12 times the classical result LCMMS has visibility 11 times that of N00N states and 4 times that of PMMSs. For the same case, the minimum phase error for LCMMS is 10.7 times smaller than that of PMMS and 29.7 times smaller than that of N00N states.

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James F. Smith III "Enhancing interferometer phase estimation, sensing sensitivity, and resolution using robust entangled states," Optical Engineering 56(11), 111710 (25 May 2017). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.56.11.111710

Received: 20 December 2016; Accepted: 2 May 2017; Published: 25 May 2017

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