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Skin cancer, one of the most prevalent forms of cancer worldwide, poses a significant health threat, emphasizing the need for accurate and efficient diagnostic tools. Fourier Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (FD-OCT) has emerged as a non-invasive imaging technique, offering high-resolution visualization of skin tissue structures for early detection and precise characterization of skin cancer lesions. Our study focuses on the modeling of FD-OCT for skin cancer diagnosis, highlighting its potential to improve diagnostic precision and treatment outcomes. We have simulated the light-tissue interactions and employed sophisticated Fourier domain signal processing models that reconstruct detailed cross-sectional skin images with enhanced spatial resolution. This proposed approach can accurately detect minute fluctuations in tissue morphology, thereby assisting in the detection of critical diagnostic indicators for various forms of skin cancer. FD-OCT enhances the ability to observe cellular and morphological intricacies, allowing for precise differentiation of benign from malignant skin lesions through the examination of characteristics including epidermal thickness, integrity of the dermal-epidermal junction, and the existence of aberrant structures beneath the skin layers. Real-time evaluation is made possible by the non-invasive nature of the proposed FD-OCT imaging, which eliminates the need for invasive biopsies and reduces patient distress. Our findings underscored the potential of FD-OCT as an early-stage skin cancer detection tool, facilitating timely treatment strategies and contributing to improved patient prognosis and survival rates. In conclusion, FD-OCT offers a promising avenue for enhancing the accuracy, efficiency, and accessibility of skin cancer diagnosis, emphasizing its crucial role in advancing personalized and effective dermatological care.
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