The fine tracking unit of composite axis of acquisition, pointing and tracking(APT) is a key component of space laser communication system. In order to prevent the principal axis in open-loop without proper input of control after started the tracking of auxiliary axis, which led to the target out of field. In a single detector composite shaft structure, we need to provide the accurate position of PZT volume feedback for the principle axis to control. This article has made an galvanometer position detective method of the single detector composite shaft structure. It provided the theory of circuit design and optimization plan. Researchers conducted a multiple sets of experiments. The experimental result shows that the galvanometer 1 "per deflection Angle, the detection circuit can retrieve 13 mV voltage change. At the same time, compared with the traditional camera calibration, we put forward a new calibration method which using optical autocollimator that the maximum error control within 1 ". Finally, the control formula is given and the error should be within 0.01mrad. So that the calibration precision of the detecting plate is improved.
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