Study on the cellular and molecular responses to a shock wave in the rat brain

Masaki Inaba; Satoko Kawauchi; Takeshi Adachi; Shunichi Sato; Izumi Nishidate

doi:10.1117/12.2509235

1 March 2019 Study on the cellular and molecular responses to a shock wave in the rat brain

Masaki Inaba, Satoko Kawauchi, Takeshi Adachi, Shunichi Sato, Izumi Nishidate

Proceedings Volume 10865, Neural Imaging and Sensing 2019; 108651C (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2509235
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2019, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

Due to the frequent attacks using improvised explosive devices (IEDs), the number of patients suffering from blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) has been growing. Although most of the patients have been diagnosed as having mild bTBI, many of them show higher brain dysfunction in the chronic phase. However, the mechanisms of bTBI are unclear, and methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment have therefore not been established. In our previous study, we applied a laser-induced shock wave (LISW) to the rat brain, for which real-time measurements of cerebral hemodynamics were conducted based on diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. We found that LISW application caused spreading depolarization (SD) and transient hyperemia/hyperoxemia, which was followed by persistent oligemia/hypoxemia in the cortex. We hypothesized that nitric oxide (NO) may be involved in these abnormal hemodynamic changes. In this study, we investigated our hypotheses using an inhibitor of NO synthesis. We observed that by inhibiting NO synthesis with LNAME, transient hyperemia and persistent oligemia/hypoxemia were reduced, suggesting that NO generation is activated by shock wave exposure and causes the abnormal hemodynamic changes in the rat brain.

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Masaki Inaba, Satoko Kawauchi, Takeshi Adachi, Shunichi Sato, and Izumi Nishidate "Study on the cellular and molecular responses to a shock wave in the rat brain", Proc. SPIE 10865, Neural Imaging and Sensing 2019, 108651C (1 March 2019); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2509235

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KEYWORDS

Brain

Hemodynamics

Calcium

Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy

Pulsed laser operation

Defense and security

Improvised explosive devices

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