In a defense landscape driven by increasing automation, larger operation scale, higher op-tempo, and tighter integrations across multiple domains, how do emerging advances in computing technology empower future defense concepts and operations? The paper overviews the notion of a multi-domain operations (MDO) effect loop as an organizing principle for military operations and information-driven decision processes. It then highlights recent advances in artificial intelligence, information theory, distributed sensing, and network optimization that significantly enhance the capabilities of different loop components, as illustrated by notional defense scenarios.
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