Developing x-ray microcalorimeters based on TiAu TES for HUBS

G. Wang; M. Bruijn; K. Nagayoshi; M. Ridder; E. Taralli; L. Gottardi; H. Akamatsu; J. W. den Herder; J.-R. Gao; W. Cui

doi:10.1117/12.2562100

13 December 2020 Developing x-ray microcalorimeters based on TiAu TES for HUBS

G. Wang, M. Bruijn, K. Nagayoshi, M. Ridder, E. Taralli, L. Gottardi, H. Akamatsu, J. W. den Herder, J.-R. Gao, W. Cui

Proceedings Volume 11444, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2020: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray; 114449J (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2562100
Event: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, 2020, Online Only

Conference Poster

Abstract

Hot Universe Baryon Surveyor (HUBS), a Chinese space mission, is proposed to find a large fraction of the so-called missing baryons, which would help us to understand more about the structure formation and evolution of the universe. Both theoretical and experimental results show that developing a highly efficient soft X-ray spectrometer over a large field of view and with a high energy resolution is the key to detect the “missing baryons”. X-ray microcalorimeters based on a transition-edge sensor (TES) array is required for HUBS, which aims to have 1 deg² field of view (FoV) with 1’ angular resolution and 2 eV energy resolution optimized around 0.6 keV. Taking the high throughput X-ray optical focusing system on HUBS into account, the TES array is designed to have 60 x 60 pixels with an area of 1 mm2 for each pixel. The microcalorimeter consists of a TES, a weak thermal link to a heat bath, and a semi-metal or normal metal absorber to increase the X-ray absorption efficiency. When an X-ray photon with a given energy is absorbed, the temperature of the absorber increase, that can be monitored by measuring the resistance change of the TES. A bilayer of a superconductor and a normal metal is used to fabricate a TES with a critical temperature (Tc) of ~100 mK. The latter is set for the required energy resolution. For HUBS, both MoCu and TiAu TES technologies are considered in its development phase. Here we will focus on TiAu TES calorimeters designed and partially fabricated at SRON for HUBS. Recent demonstration of a resolution of 2.5 eV at 5.9 keV in an AC readout at SRON for X-IFU on board of Athena illustrates the promising of this technology. However, the challenging for the HUBS array is the large pixel size. We will report the design and fabrication of prototype HUBS calorimeters.

Citation Download Citation

G. Wang, M. Bruijn, K. Nagayoshi, M. Ridder, E. Taralli, L. Gottardi, H. Akamatsu, J. W. den Herder, J.-R. Gao, and W. Cui "Developing x-ray microcalorimeters based on TiAu TES for HUBS", Proc. SPIE 11444, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2020: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray, 114449J (13 December 2020); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2562100

ACCESS THE FULL ARTICLE

INSTITUTIONAL
Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.

SELECT YOUR INSTITUTION

PERSONAL
Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.

PERSONAL SIGN IN

No SPIE Account? Create one

PURCHASE THIS CONTENT

SUBSCRIBE TO DIGITAL LIBRARY

50 downloads per 1-year subscription

Members: $195

Non-members: $335 ADD TO CART

25 downloads per 1 - year subscription

Members: $145

Non-members: $250 ADD TO CART

PURCHASE SINGLE ARTICLE

Includes PDF, HTML & Video, when available