Despite the fact that spontaneous and stimulated bioluminescence in marine and oceanic environment is a well-known phenomenon, the nature of bioluminescence and environmental factors that determine it have not been adequately studied. The main sources of bioluminescence in marine and oceanic environment include phytoplankton dinoflagellates, zooplankton copepods and bacteria. Bioluminescence is an important tool for the functional state of planktonic ecosystems assessing as an indicator of bioproductivity (plankton biomass) and toxicity of aquatic environment characterizing criteria. The multiparameter biophysical complex creation, that combines bioluminescence, chlorophyll-a concentration by the fluorescence method, dissolved oxygen, dissolved organic matter (fDOM) in combination with photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and background hydrological parameters’ of aquatic environment (STD) measurement, will be useful for direct bioluminescence intensity measurement, plankton distribution patterns and bioluminescence quantum yield from natural environmental factors’ conditionality studying.
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