The application of monoclonal antibody immunotherapy in cancer treatment

Muran Song

doi:10.1117/12.2669347

24 March 2023 The application of monoclonal antibody immunotherapy in cancer treatment

Muran Song

Proceedings Volume 12611, Second International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science (ICBioMed 2022); 126113W (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2669347
Event: International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science (ICBioMed2022), 2022, Oxford, United Kingdom

Abstract

As the leading cause of death worldwide, cancer is known to be the rapid, uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells, which can then invade and spread to other parts of the body. Traditional methods for cancer treatment include chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, the use of toxic chemicals and high-energy beams to eradicate the cancerous cells ravage the body, leaving the immune system prone to infection and tremendously weak. This led to the emergence and accelerating progression of immunotherapy as a means for cancer treatment. Compared to the conventional treatments, immunotherapy employs the immune system to fight cancer, so the specificity of therapies eliminates various side effects. Common immunotherapies include adoptive cell therapy, cancer vaccines, cytokines, and monoclonal antibodies. In this review, the use of monoclonal antibodies as an immunotherapy for treating cancer will be explored. Bevacizumab (Avastin) prevents vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to bind to its receptor, hindering development of new blood vessels to support tumour growth. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as Ipilimumab, targetd CTLA-4 or PD-1. In addition, the review will dive into the structural and functional features of monoclonal antibodies, as well as the major issues associated with the treatment, such as resistance, and cardio and skin toxicities, through examining the working mechanism of Trastuzumab, Cetuximab and Panitumumab.

Citation Download Citation

Muran Song "The application of monoclonal antibody immunotherapy in cancer treatment", Proc. SPIE 12611, Second International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science (ICBioMed 2022), 126113W (24 March 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2669347

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