High refractive index fiber sensor based on femtosecond laser processing and antiresonant waveguide interference

Changli Dong; Changning Liu

doi:10.1117/12.3006753

18 December 2023 High refractive index fiber sensor based on femtosecond laser processing and antiresonant waveguide interference

Changli Dong, Changning Liu

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 12968, AOPC 2023: Optic Fiber Gyro ; 1296814 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3006753
Event: Applied Optics and Photonics China 2023 (AOPC2023), 2023, Beijing, China

Abstract

An antiresonant waveguide interference fiber sensor was created using single-mode fiber and hollow-core fiber. To boost its refractive index sensitivity, femtosecond laser processing was employed. The sensor involves splicing a hollow-core fiber with an inside diameter of 15 μm onto the single-mode fibers. The environmental refractive index was estimated by monitoring the movement of the resonant peak wavelength Dip2 based on the sensitivity of the resonant valley of the sensor transmission spectrum to changes in the external environmental refractive index. When the resonant peak wavelength is near 1450 nm, the maximum refractive index sensitivity is 924.2 nm/RIU, according to the experimental data. To improve the sensitivity of the fiber sensor to the surrounding refractive index, we inscribed nine microscopic grooves on the surface of the hollow-core fiber with a width of 30 μm and a depth of just 10 μm by femtosecond laser processing, with a spacing of 330 μm between each groove. To retain the robustness of the fiber sensor, microscopic grooves with very small width and depth were created. The profile of the initial spectrum remains unchanged after the grooves are etched, while the intensity and position of the resonance peaks alter less. The refractive index was measured again, and the experimental results showed that when the wavelength of the resonant peak was near 1450 nm, the maximum refractive index sensitivity was 3195 nm/RIU, and the sensor's refractive index sensitivity was improved by 3.46 times compared to before the femtosecond laser processing.

(2023) Published by SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

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Changli Dong and Changning Liu "High refractive index fiber sensor based on femtosecond laser processing and antiresonant waveguide interference", Proc. SPIE 12968, AOPC 2023: Optic Fiber Gyro , 1296814 (18 December 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3006753

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KEYWORDS

Femtosecond phenomena

Laser processing

Refractive index

Fiber optics sensors

Sensors

Single mode fibers

Cladding

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