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With the rapid development of China's high-speed rail, efficient train operation adjustments are crucial for enhancing railway service levels and capacity utilization. To address this, this paper introduces and develops a train operation adjustment model and algorithm, considering a comprehensive set of service level evaluation indicators. Initially, based on the actual characteristics and adjustment requirements of railway train operations, a series of service level evaluation indicators were established. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was adopted to determine the weights among different indicators, establishing a holistic evaluation system, which allows for a comprehensive and accurate assessment of train operation adjustment quality. Moreover, to handle potential individual train delays and clustered train delays in real operations, this study utilizes the event-activity network to construct the train operation adjustment model. This model takes the key indicators from the service level evaluation as its objective function, considering constraints like train operation timings, track crossover, and station capacity. The paper designs a concurrent solving strategy to swiftly determine objectives for different adjustment schemes. Using a major Chinese high-speed rail line as the study case, results demonstrate that, when facing unexpected delays, the proposed models and algorithms can rapidly generate required train adjustment plans, restoring the train operations to normal order.
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