PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars (PLATO) is a medium-class mission selected by ESA in the framework of the Cosmic Vision programme. The PLATO Instrument Control Unit (ICU) is responsible for the management of the scientific payload, the communication with the satellite on board computer, the acquisition of housekeeping and scientific data from the 26 PLATO cameras and their processing before the downloading to the satellite mass memory unit. The data produced by the cameras cannot be transmitted directly to ground as soon as they are acquired but an onboard pre-processing and compression is needed. While the pre-processing stage is in charge of the camera's Data Processing Units (DPUs), the compression is executed on board ICU. Due to the highly demanding science requirements, the compression must be rigorously lossless. In this paper we will review the overall ICU onboard data processing chain, from the DPUs to the satellite mass memory, presenting the compression strategies implemented in the ICU application software architecture, and the results of the performance test run on the ICU Engineering Model.
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