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Amorphous tungsten oxide layers are deposited via the sol-gel route. Aqueous solutions of
tungstate salts (Na2WO4) or chioroalkoxides (WOC12(OPr')2) provide cheap and suitable
precursors for the synthesis of W03, nH2O colloidal solutions. Layers of large area can be
deposited by spray or dip-coating. They exhibit electrochromic properties and could be used for
making display devices or smart windows. Their elecirochromic properties depend on the structure
of the oxide network and the amount of water of the W03, nH2O layers. Switching time and
stability decrease when n increases due to faster ion diffusion. Optical absorption arising from
electron delocalization varies with the crystalline structure of the oxide network. Both the structure
and the hydration state of the layers depend on the experimental procedure. It is therefore possible
to optimize the electrochromic properties of sol-gel derived layers.
Patrick Judeinstein andJacques Livage
"Electrochromic properties of sol-gel derived WO3 coatings", Proc. SPIE 1328, Sol-Gel Optics, (1 November 1990); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.22573
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Patrick Judeinstein, Jacques Livage, "Electrochromic properties of sol-gel derived WO3 coatings," Proc. SPIE 1328, Sol-Gel Optics, (1 November 1990); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.22573