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We discuss how the interactions of the 5d orbital with the conduction band of the host medium play a crucial role in determining whether rare earth containing materials can serve as useful laser materials, based on their 5d-4f transition. To explore this issue, we examine the pump-probe spectra of Sm2+, Eu2+, and Ce3+ dopants in various fluoride and chloride crystals. In addition we suggest that the luminescence properties are also profoundly impacted by this interaction. The outstanding UV laser performance achieved by the Ce:LiSrAlF6 crystal is rationalized in terms of the reduced overlap of conduction band states with the cerium ions.
Stephen A. Payne,Christopher D. Marshall,Andy J. Bayramian, andJanice K. Lawson
"Conduction-band states and the 5d-4f laser transition of rare-earth ion dopants", Proc. SPIE 3176, Tunable Solid State Lasers, (1 November 1997); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.293425
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Stephen A. Payne, Christopher D. Marshall, Andy J. Bayramian, Janice K. Lawson, "Conduction band states and the 5d-4f laser transition of rare earth ion dopants," Proc. SPIE 3176, Tunable Solid State Lasers, (1 November 1997); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.293425