Paper
31 August 1999 Progress in gray-tone lithography and replication techniques for different materials
Klaus Reimer, R. Engelke, Ulrich Hofmann, P. Merz, Klaus T. Kohlmann-von Platen, Bernd Wagner
Author Affiliations +
Proceedings Volume 3879, Micromachine Technology for Diffractive and Holographic Optics; (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.360514
Event: Symposium on Micromachining and Microfabrication, 1999, Santa Clara, CA, United States
Abstract
The fabrication of 3D-microstructures with well-defined curved surface contours is of great importance for various mechanical, optical and electronic devices and subsystems. Complex geometrical structures or topographies are necessary to obtain a certain mechanical stability, a specific surface property or a predetermined electrostatic field configuration. Obviously in the micro-optic domain, there is a great demand to produce sophisticated surface topographies for refractive or diffractive optical elements, e.g. Fresnel lenses. This paper reports on progress in graytone lithography using subresolution pixeled chromium glass masks and introduces some replication techniques for different materials. In continuation of our work on graytone lithography, reported elsewhere, detailed view on reproducibility, fidelity and process latitude will be presented. Based on this results infrared diffractive optical elements have been fabricated in silicon using an 1:1 dry etching process, where the surface roughness of the shaped areas after etching has an 1 (sigma) value of 18 nm. For low cost application in the visible wavelength region a replication technique in polycarbonat by injection modeling is described. First results are shown.
© (1999) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Klaus Reimer, R. Engelke, Ulrich Hofmann, P. Merz, Klaus T. Kohlmann-von Platen, and Bernd Wagner "Progress in gray-tone lithography and replication techniques for different materials", Proc. SPIE 3879, Micromachine Technology for Diffractive and Holographic Optics, (31 August 1999); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.360514
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Cited by 11 scholarly publications.
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KEYWORDS
Lithography

Silicon

Photomasks

Etching

Metals

Chromium

Diffractive optical elements

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