On-orbit operation and performance of MODIS blackbody

X. Xiong; T. Chang; W. Barnes

doi:10.1117/12.824764

21 August 2009 On-orbit operation and performance of MODIS blackbody

X. Xiong, T. Chang, W. Barnes

Proceedings Volume 7452, Earth Observing Systems XIV; 74520M (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.824764
Event: SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, 2009, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

MODIS collects data in 36 spectral bands, including 20 reflective solar bands (RSB) and 16 thermal emissive bands (TEB). The TEB on-orbit calibration is performed on a scan-by-scan basis using a quadratic algorithm that relates the detector response with the calibration radiance from the sensor on-board blackbody (BB). The calibration radiance is accurately determined each scan from the BB temperature measured using a set of 12 thermistors. The BB thermistors were calibrated pre-launch with traceability to the NIST temperature standard. Unlike many heritage sensors, the MODIS BB can be operated at a constant temperature or with the temperature continuously varying between instrument ambient (about 270K) and 315K. In this paper, we provide an overview of both Terra and Aqua MODIS on-board BB operations, functions, and on-orbit performance. We also examine the impact of key calibration parameters, such as BB emissivity and temperature (stability and gradient) determined from its thermistors, on the TEB calibration and Level 1 (L1B) data product uncertainty.

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X. Xiong, T. Chang, and W. Barnes "On-orbit operation and performance of MODIS blackbody", Proc. SPIE 7452, Earth Observing Systems XIV, 74520M (21 August 2009); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.824764

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KEYWORDS

MODIS

Calibration

Sensors

Temperature metrology

Black bodies

Detection and tracking algorithms

Error analysis

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