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A compact, high-speed variable-focus liquid lens using acoustic radiation force is proposed. The lens consists of an annular
piezoelectric ultrasound transducer and an aluminum cell (height: 3 mm; diameter: 6 mm) filled with degassed water and
silicone oil. The profile of the oil-water interface can be rapidly varied by applying acoustic radiation force from the
transducer, allowing the liquid lens to be operated as a variable-focus lens. A theoretical model based on a spring-mass-dashpot
model is proposed for the vibration of the lens. The fastest response time of 6.7 ms was obtained with silicone oil
with a kinematic viscosity of 100 cSt.
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Daisuke Koyama, Ryoichi Isago, Kentaro Nakamura, "High-speed focusing of a liquid microlens using acoustic radiation force," Proc. SPIE 7753, 21st International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, 77535E (17 May 2011); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.884753