Multi-frame restoration of turbulence degraded underwater images

Andrey V. Kanaev

doi:10.1117/12.980433

1 November 2012 Multi-frame restoration of turbulence degraded underwater images

Andrey V. Kanaev

Proceedings Volume 8535, Optics in Atmospheric Propagation and Adaptive Systems XV; 85350N (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.980433
Event: SPIE Remote Sensing, 2012, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Abstract

The ability to image underwater is highly desired for scientific and military applications, including optical communications, situational awareness, diver visibility, and mine detection. However, underwater imaging is severely impaired by scattering and optical turbulence associated with refraction index fluctuations. Naturally, the approaches taken to solve the underwater image restoration problem have their origin in atmospheric turbulence compensation algorithms. There is certain similarity between the atmospheric and underwater image degradations but the difference in the scales of refraction index fluctuations in two media brings out the need for significant modifications of atmospheric techniques to be applicable to underwater imagery. Significantly stronger underwater image distortions resulting in large local shifts and warping of the image features require robust tracking using, for example optical flow estimation, even under relatively benign underwater conditions. Comparative performance of multi-frame nonlinear gain “lucky patch” algorithms with variable degree of optical flow technique sophistication is presented for underwater imagery collected in a laboratory tank and in a field exercise. Reliance of image restoration on accuracy of the optical flow algorithm is revealed and one approach to enhance restored image quality using confidence measures of optical flow estimation is proposed.

Citation Download Citation

Andrey V. Kanaev "Multi-frame restoration of turbulence degraded underwater images", Proc. SPIE 8535, Optics in Atmospheric Propagation and Adaptive Systems XV, 85350N (1 November 2012); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.980433

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KEYWORDS

Optical flow

Image fusion

Turbulence

Image quality

Image restoration

Optical testing

Scattering

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