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In this paper we introduce the use of Karhunen-Loève functions as a basis set to decompose atmospheric phase aberrations in a digital holographic wavefront sensor (HWS). We show that the intermodal crosstalk when using Karhunen-Loève functions is reduced in comparison to the Zernike decomposition. Additionally, the sensor’s response showed an improved linearity and better robustness to scintillation. Intermodal crosstalk remains a significant problem for this sensor but operation of an adaptive optics system based on HWS is less challenging when using Karhunen-Loève functions instead of Zernike polynomials.
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Esdras Anzuola, Andreas Zepp, Szymon Gladysz, Karin Stein, "Holographic wavefront sensor based on Karhunen-Loève decomposition," Proc. SPIE 9979, Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans V, 99790X (19 September 2016); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2236341