We present diffractive optical networks based on a series of passive light modulation surfaces, engineered/optimized using deep learning at the wavelength scale, to all-optically perform permutation operations, capable of achieving hundreds of thousands of interconnects between an input and an output field-of-view. We experimentally demonstrated, for the first time, a diffractive permutation network that operates at the THz part of the spectrum, realizing 625 interconnects between the input and output planes. These diffractive permutation networks can serve as channel routing and interconnection panels in the next-generation (6G) wireless communication systems with the carrier frequencies approaching THz-bands.
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