23 January 2025 High-density mapping of ground deformation along the seawalls of the Qiantang River, China, using the FS-InSAR technique
Xiaoxue Sun, Hongan Wu, Yonghong Zhang, Weifan Zhong, Xinchao Xu, Yonghui Kang, Jujie Wei
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

The tides of the Qiantang River in eastern China are one of the three major tides in the world. Although these tides are spectacular, they seriously threaten the seawalls of the river. Rapid and accurate monitoring of ground deformations along the seawalls is important not only to the seawalls themselves but also to the vast amount of land behind them. We carried out comprehensive, unprecedented high-density mapping of ground deformations along the seawalls of the Qiantang River using the latest full scatterer (FS) interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technique with 56 Sentinel-1 SAR images acquired from October 2020 to October 2022. The InSAR-derived deformations were then validated with quasi-synchronous leveling measurements. The results demonstrate that there are five subsidence centers on the northern seawalls and three on the southern seawalls, with a maximum subsidence rate of 96 mm/a and a measuring density of 1293 points/km2. The main reasons for the severe subsidence are the natural consolidation of soft soil in reclaimed areas, groundwater overexploitation due to aquaculture, and foundation pit drainage. We present, for the first time, a comprehensive mapping of ground deformations along the seawalls of the Qiantang River at ultrahigh density, which is very important for the health management of seawalls and the safety of the river on both sides.

© 2025 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)

Funding Statement

Xiaoxue Sun, Hongan Wu, Yonghong Zhang, Weifan Zhong, Xinchao Xu, Yonghui Kang, and Jujie Wei "High-density mapping of ground deformation along the seawalls of the Qiantang River, China, using the FS-InSAR technique," Journal of Applied Remote Sensing 19(1), 014511 (23 January 2025). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JRS.19.014511
Received: 10 September 2024; Accepted: 30 December 2024; Published: 23 January 2025
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KEYWORDS
Deformation

Synthetic aperture radar

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar

Interferograms

Environmental monitoring

Data processing

Interferometry

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