Open Access
6 October 2015 Augmented microscopy: real-time overlay of bright-field and near-infrared fluorescence images
Jeffrey R. Watson, Christian F. Gainer, Nikolay Martirosyan, Jesse Skoch M.D., G. Michael Lemole Jr., Rein Anton M.D., Marek Romanowski
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Abstract
Intraoperative applications of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent contrast agents can be aided by instrumentation capable of merging the view of surgical field with that of NIR fluorescence. We demonstrate augmented microscopy, an intraoperative imaging technique in which bright-field (real) and electronically processed NIR fluorescence (synthetic) images are merged within the optical path of a stereomicroscope. Under luminance of 100,000 lx, representing typical illumination of the surgical field, the augmented microscope detects 189 nM concentration of indocyanine green and produces a composite of the real and synthetic images within the eyepiece of the microscope at 20 fps. Augmentation described here can be implemented as an add-on module to visualize NIR contrast agents, laser beams, or various types of electronic data within the surgical microscopes commonly used in neurosurgical, cerebrovascular, otolaryngological, and ophthalmic procedures.
© 2015 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) 1083-3668/2015/$25.00 © 2015 SPIE
Jeffrey R. Watson, Christian F. Gainer, Nikolay Martirosyan, Jesse Skoch M.D., G. Michael Lemole Jr., Rein Anton M.D., and Marek Romanowski "Augmented microscopy: real-time overlay of bright-field and near-infrared fluorescence images," Journal of Biomedical Optics 20(10), 106002 (6 October 2015). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.20.10.106002
Published: 6 October 2015
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CITATIONS
Cited by 18 scholarly publications and 7 patents.
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KEYWORDS
Microscopes

Near infrared

Luminescence

Tissues

Capillaries

Imaging systems

Microscopy

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