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29 January 2019 Fast and precise image generation of blood vessels embedded in skin
Christian Zoller, Alwin Kienle
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Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 24, Issue 1, 015002 (January 2019). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.24.1.015002
Abstract
A software for fast rendering the visual appearance of a blood vessel located in human skin was developed based on a numerical solution of the radiative transfer equation. The user can specify geometrical properties, such as the depth and the diameter of the vessel, and physiological properties, such as the oxygen saturation of the vessel or the blood concentration in the skin. From these data, the spatially and spectrally resolved reflectance from the skin containing the blood vessel is calculated via Monte Carlo simulations, by which a two-dimensional image is generated. The short calculation time of about a second is achieved by precalculating and storing the spatially resolved reflectance for a variety of combinations of the optical and geometrical properties. This concept gives the user the opportunity to rapidly explore the influence of the physiological and geometrical properties of the investigated blood vessel on its visual appearance. The correctness of the lookup table was validated by comparison with independent Monte Carlo simulations. Rendering examples of different blood vessels in human skins are given. The current version of the software can be downloaded at https://www.ilm-ulm.de/software.
CC BY: © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
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Christian Zoller and Alwin Kienle "Fast and precise image generation of blood vessels embedded in skin," Journal of Biomedical Optics 24(1), 015002 (29 January 2019). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.24.1.015002
Received: 19 November 2018; Accepted: 9 January 2019; Published: 29 January 2019
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Cited by 8 scholarly publications.
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KEYWORDS
Blood vessels
Skin
Veins
Absorption
Monte Carlo methods
Reflectivity
Scattering
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