The shapes of initially spherical Ag nanoparticles in glass were permanently changed by fs laser irradiation. This shape
transformation of the nanoparticles results in an optical dichroism of the material, strongly depending on the actual
irradiation parameters such as intensity, number of pulses per irradiated spot and laser wavelength. The proposed
technique allows modifying the optical properties of glass containing metallic nanoparticles and can be used for the
production of dichroic or polarizing microstructures in the visible and near infrared region with high polarization
contrast.
Irradiation of spherical silver nanoparticles in glass by
linearly-polarized intense femtosecond laser pulses close to the surface plasmon resonance results in irreversible shape transformations. In this context, the spectral positions of
plasmon resonances as a function of particle size and basic shapes are well-understood theoretically and experimentally; however, the dynamical information regarding the laser-induced shape transformation mechanisms is still a matter of interest. To investigate these dynamics we introduce a single-color double-pulse experiment, where the sample is irradiated by two time-delayed pulses of equal intensity. Different nanoparticle shape elongations can be produced depending on the delay between two irradiating pulses. Analyzing the resultant shifts of absorption bands for each delay
gives valuable information on the evolution of nanoparticle shape changes. Possible shape modifying mechanisms including nanoparticle ionization, extreme lattice heating and excess energy transfer from the hot nanoparticle to the glass matrix are observed and discussed.
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