A detailed study of the pulse characteristics emitted from a monolithic Quantum Dot (QD) passively Mode-Locked Laser (MLL) has been performed using a state-of-the-art Frequency Resolved Optical Gating (FROG) pulse measurement system. While traditionally the time-domain pulse characteristics of semiconductor MLLs have been studied using digital sampling oscilloscope or intensity autocorrelation techniques, the FROG measurements allow for simultaneous characterization of time and frequency, which has been shown to be necessary and sufficient for true determination of mode-locked stability. In this paper, FROG pulse measurements are presented on a two-section QD MLL operating over wide temperature excursions. The FROG measurement allows for extraction of the temporal and spectral intensity and phase profiles from which the Group Delay Dispersion (GDD) can be determined. The magnitude of the GDD is found to decrease from 16.1 to 3.5 ps/nm when the temperature is increased from 20 to 50 oC, mirroring the trend of pulse width reduction at elevated temperature, which has been shown to correlate strongly with reduced unsaturated absorption. The possibility to further optimize pulse generation via intra-cavity dispersion compensation in a novel three-section MLL design is also examined, and shows strong potential toward providing valuable insight into the optimal cavity designs and operating parameters for QD MLLs.
KEYWORDS: MODIS, Near infrared, Long wavelength infrared, Spatial analysis, Point spread functions, Optical alignment, Data centers, Analytical research, Data modeling, Channel projecting optics
We present a spatial analysis for the Visible (VIS), Near Infrared (NIR), Shortwave Midwave Infrared (S/MWIR), and Long Wave Infrared (LWIR) focal planes of Moderate Resolution Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MODIS) PreFlight Model (PFM) on the Terra platform. The analysis includes focal plane detector (channel) alignment, op- tical/electronic cross-talk, and Far Field Response (FFR). The study is performed on pre-launch laboratory Point Spread Response (PSR) data, and three sets of alignment data both taken prior to August 1998. The PSR and alignment data are displayed using the Focal Plane Viewer (FPV), a software utility developed to aid in the study. Channel measurement and band summaries are presented for each focal plane. The findings for optical/electronic cross-talk are based on the PSR and the alignment data. The calculation of Ensquared Energy (EE) from the PSR data characterizes the far-held response for channel 5.
The SpectroRadiometric Calibration Assembly (SRCA) instrument performs spatial, radiometric, and spectral in-flight calibration of the MODIS PFM instrument on the TERRA satellite. In spatial mode, the SRCA is intended to characterize focal plane registration by measuring cross-track spatial shifts of individual detectors (channels), and in-track band centroid shifts. In this paper, we investigate the suitability of the SRCA to evaluate the MODIS MTF on-orbit. Using the SRCA to evaluate the MODIS MTF requires information on the optical quality of the SRCA itself, particularly since it is not designed specifically for MTF measurements. Because the SRCA illumination fills only 1/4 of the optical aperture of the MODIS system, the illumination conditions are significantly different from those of normal MODIS imaging. We characterize the SRCA’s spatial performance by estimating its MTF from the pre-launch SRCA and Integration and Alignment Collimator (IAC) datasets, the IAC being assumed to be of significantly higher quality than the SRCA. This analysis shows that the SRCA, after calibration by comparison to the IAC, may serve as one source for on-orbit MTF measurements of MODIS PFM.
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