Nano/microparticles, being used in diverse fields including biotechnology and imaging, can be fabricated using various processes. Here, a functional surface with bio-polymer nano/microparticles and its fabrication method based on electrospraying are presented. The proposed nano/microparticulate surface can provide various beneficial effects on the cell culture behavior because of its morphological and geometrical properties. We experimentally show that the surface can provide the positive effects on cell attachment and culture with the comparison with the conventional flat surface.
In the present study, we employed the laser scanning confocal microscope to image entire blood flow with accurate
red blood cell imaging of 0.001 mm spatial resolution. In vitro blood flow of rat with different hematocrit ratios was
simulated inside a 100and 300-micron opaque tube. The scanning rate of confocal microscope was 30 fps with 500 x 500
pixels of image. As a result, we can obtain clear images of RBCs to which is enough to be used as tracer particle directly
to get the velocity vector field of blood flow by performing particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique non-invasively.
Based on the present novel optical application, we can easily indicate the presence of cell depleted layer of blood flow in
vitro and its boundaries.
Reduced deformability of red blood cells (RBCs) may play an important role on the pathogenesis of chronic vascular complications of diabetes mellitus. However, available techniques for measuring RBC deformability often require washing process after each measurement, which is not optimal for day-to-day clinical use at point of care. The objectives of the present study are to develop a device and to delineate the correlation of impaired RBC deformability with diabetic nephropathy. We developed a disposable ektacytometry to measure RBC deformability, which adopted a laser diffraction technique and slit rheometry. The essential features of this design are its simplicity (ease of operation and no moving parts) and a disposable element which is in contact with the blood sample. We studied adult diabetic patients divided into three groups according to diabetic complications. Group I comprised 57 diabetic patients with normal renal function. Group II comprised 26 diabetic patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). Group III consisted of 30 diabetic subjects with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis. According to the renal function for the diabetic groups, matched non-diabetic groups were served as control. We found substantially impaired red blood cell deformability in those with normal renal function (group I) compared to non-diabetic control (P = 0.0005). As renal function decreases, an increased impairment in RBC deformability was found. Diabetic patients with chronic renal failure (group II) when compared to non-diabetic controls (CRF) had an apparently greater impairment in RBC deformability (P = 0.07). The non-diabetic cohort (CRF), on the other hand, manifested significant impairment in red blood cell deformability compared to healthy control (P = 0.0001). The newly developed slit ektacytometer can measure the RBC deformability with ease and accuracy. In addition, progressive impairment in cell deformability is associated with renal function loss in all patients regardless of the presence or absence of diabetes. In diabetic patients, early impairment in RBC deformability appears in patients with normal renal function.
The biological flow characteristics inside a rugged surface type microchannel are investigated experimentally using a micro-particle image velocimetry (micro-PIV) method. The main objectives of this study are to understand the blood flow structure inside a micro-domain blood vessel and to identify the feasibility of nano-scale fluorescent particles for velocity field measurement in a micron-sized channel. The flow field is analyzed with a spatial resolution of 1K×1K pixels at low Reynolds number flow. To obtain the spatial distributions of mean velocity, 100 instantaneous velocity fields are captured and ensemble-averaged. As a result, for the case of blood flow, there are substantial cell deformation and variations to pass through the rugged surface of a microchannel and the clear velocity vector field was acquired by using the present micro-PIV technique.
Velocity fields of blood flow in a micro channel were investigated experimentally using a micro-PIV velocity field measurement technique. The results were compared with those obtained for DI water under the same experimental solution. Diluted blood flow shows substantial variation of velocity in the central region of a micro-channel due to the presence of red blood cells, compared with DI water.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.