Ultrafast-ultralong ring fiber lasers represent a new passively mode-locked laser architecture reliant on the use of Raman-assisted nonlinearity management over cavities extending tens of kilometers and fast, polarization-insensitive saturable absorption. These new sources are capable of supporting the generation of stable pulses shorter than 200 fs with ultra-low repetition rates of a few tens of kHz, overcoming previous limitations to pulse duration and peak power imposed by dispersive effects. The unique characteristics of this new family of ultrafast fiber oscillators makes them suitable for a broad range of applications. In this invited talk we will review some of the latest advances on the topic, focusing on the optimal design and implementation of such lasers.
Stable generation of ultrashort, high-energy pulses in the femtosecond range through passive harmonic mode locking is achieved in ultralong EDFA-based ring fiber oscillators using polarization-insensitive InN-based SESAMs and up to 25 km of standard communications fiber assisted by distributed Raman amplification.
This demonstrates a new family of ultrafast fiber oscillators naturally operating at low repetition rates. The lasers can achieve fundamental mode locking for lengths below 10 km. By using TS-DFT the average laser spectrum is shown to correspond to that of individual pulses, confirming high-energy pulse generation without the need for external amplification and compression stages.
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