In this paper, we calculated the numeric results of diffraction field in space of X-ray (λ=4.5nm) Fresnel zone plate based
on angular spectrum method, analyzed the axial and radial distribution patterns of X-ray Fresnel zone plate. The Full
Width at Half-Maximum (FWHM), Depth Of Focus (DOF) and Strehl efficiency of focus spot were studied. Discussed
the relationships between FPZ's design parameter and focus spot properties. At the condition of λ=4.5nm and the
outmost width Wn=50nm, the size of focus spot is proportional to the outmost width, and increase slowly with the
increase of number of zones and focus length; the DOF of focus spot increase at first; when the focus length increased to
40µm, the DOF incline to a constant; the focus spot's Strehl efficiency increased slowly with the increase of number of
zones and focus length.
X-ray transmission gratings (TG) have attracted much interest because of its wide use in x-ray
telescope, synchrotron radiation facilities, and target diagnostic in inertial confinement fusion, etc. In
this work, a 200 nm period master TG to diffract x-ray in the energy range 0.1-8keV has been
successfully fabricated by electron beam lithography followed by gold electroplating. In fabrication
processes, 500 nm resist was exposed by focused electron beam on polyimide free-standing-membrane
coated with a Cr/Au plating base. According to numerical simulation, the proximity effect due to
electron back-scattering from the substrate can be sharply reduced because of the thin polyimide
free-standing membrane substrates. PMMA resist was chosen due to its high resolution and good
performance in subsequent processes. After delicate dose test and shape modification of the proximity
effect caused by electron front-scattering, resist grating bars with 95 nm width and 200 nm period were
achieved. Subsequently, resist patterns were transferred to gold layer by electroplating. In future work,
with this master mask of TG, thousands of TG to diffract x-ray can be sufficiently replicated using
x-ray lithography.
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