Since 1995 the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) is measuring ozone (total column and profile), nitrogen dioxide and other minor trace gases on-board of the European Space Agency (ESA) ERS-2 satellite. The European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) and ESA decided to fly an advanced GOME-2 instrument on the METOP satellites. Within the EUMETSAT Polar System (EPS), the GOME-2 measurements will provide the input for the ozone data record in the timeframe 2005 to 2020.
The radiometric calibration of the polarisation sensitive GOME-2 instrument is significantly improved by the simultaneous measurement of s- and p-polarised light at moderate resolution and high temporal resolution. The Polarisation Monitoring Unit (PU) measures the spectral range between 312 and 790 nm in 15 narrow bands. The ground pixel size in the 960 km swath is 40 * 5km2.
The paper describes in detail the polarisation measurement devices and their technical capabilities.
Since 1995 the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) is measuring ozone (total column and profile), nitrogen dioxide and other minor trace gases on-board of the European Space Agency (ESA) ERS-2 satellite. The European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) and ESA decided to fly an advanced GOME-2 instrument on the METOP satellites. Within the EUMETSAT Polar System (EPS), the GOME-2 measurements will provide the input for the ozone data record in the timeframe 2005 to 2020. The radiometric calibration of the polarisation sensitive GOME-2 instrument is significantly improved by the simultaneous measurement of s- and p-polarised light at moderate resolution and high temporal resolution. The Polarisation Monitoring Unit (PU) measures the spectral range between 312 and 790 nm in 15 narrow bands. The ground pixel size in the 960 km swath is 40 * 5km2. The paper describes in detail the polarization measurement devices and their technical capabilities.
Since 1995 GOME-1 is measuring ozone (total column and
profile), nitrogen dioxide and other minor trace gases on-board of ERS-2. An advanced GOME-2 instrument will fly on the METOP satellites. The GOME-2 measurements will provide the input for the ozone data record in the timeframe 2005 to 2020 provided by the EUMETSAT Polar System. The on-ground calibration of the instrument encompasses spectral, absolute radiance and irradiance calibrations as well as polarization, straylight, and slit function characerization. Main results of the first flight model are discussed.
The GOME-2 spaceborne spectrometers will provide data for the ozone product chain of the EUMETSAT Polar System (EPS), in charge of the monitoring of atmospheric ozone. The accuracy of any geophysical parameter retrieved from the GOME-2 measurements will ultimately be limited by the accuracy of the spectral and radiometric calibration of instrument data. This imposes strong accuracy and stability requirements on the instrument, the calibration activities and the ground processing. In this paper, the processing scheme for the spectral and radiometric calibration of GOME-2 data is presented.
Since 1995 the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) is measuring ozone (total column and profile), nitrogen dioxide and other minor trace gases on-board of the European Space Agency (ESA) ERS-2 satellite. The European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) and ESA decided to fly an advanced GOME-2 instrument on the METOP satellites. The GOME-2 measurements will provide the input for the ozone data record in the timeframe 2005 to 2020 provided by the EUMETSAT Polar System (EPS).
The radiometric calibration of the polarisation sensitive GOME-2 instrument is significantly improved by the simultaneous measurement of s- and p -polarised light at moderate resolution and high temporal resolution. The Polarisation Monitoring Device (PMD) measures the spectral range between 312 and 790 nm in 15 narrow bands. The ground pixel size in the 960 km swath is 40 x 5km2.
The paper describes in detail the polarisation measurement devices and their technical capabilities.
Following the successful mission of the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) on-board the European Space Agency (ESA) ERS-2 satellite, the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) and ESA have decided to embark on-board the Metop satellites an improved version of the GOME spectrometer. The new generation of GOME instruments will provide data for the ozone product chain of the EUMETSAT Polar System, in charge not only of the daily production of ozone data but also of the long term ozone monitoring. This imposes strong accuracy and stability requirements to the instrument, the calibration activities and the ground processing.
Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) is a grating spectrometer designed to monitor from the ESA satellite ERS-2 absorption by ozone and trace gases in the earth atmosphere. The instrument works in the spectral range 240-790 nm, with a spectral resolution of 0.2 nm and a spatial resolution of 40 X 40 km2. GOME makes use of high density holographic gratings as dispersing elements, and cooled photodiode arrays of 1024 pixels as detectors. Its characteristics, as well as the in flight calibration means, permit to use both differential optical absorption spectrometry and backscattering in the ultra-violet as retrieval methods. This paper describes the main features of the instrument, the results of the test campaign performed on the engineering model and the concepts adopted for ground and in- flight calibration.
The second European Remote-Sensing Satellite (ERS 2) will follow the first one, which was successfully launched in July 1991. GOME is the only new experiment on board of ERS 2, which will be launched in 1994. ERS 2 will fly on a sun synchronous polar orbit in about 785 km with a descending equator crossing time at 10:30 local time. GOME is a nadir-viewing spectrometer which observes solar radiation transmitted through or scattered from the earth atmosphere or the surface. In normal operation mode the scene is scanned across track in 3 periods of 1.5 sec and a backward scan of 1.5 sec. The instantaneous field of view of 2.8 deg x 0.14 deg is swept in this period through a default optical angle of +/- 31 deg, resulting in a ground swath of 960 km. In the ERS-2 orbit a global coverage will be possible every three days. The spectrometer covers a wavelength range from 240 to 790 nm with a spectral resolution of 0.2 to 0.4 nm. This range will be recorded by 4 RETICON diode arrays, simultaneously. Additionally broadband polarization detectors are included. Using the differential optical absorption spectroscopy technique the detection of column densities of several tropospheric and stratospheric trace gases (e.g., ozone, nitrogendioxide, water vapor, oxygen/oxygen dimer, bromine oxide) will be possible without an absolute radiometric calibration. However, an absolute calibration is possible and hence the advantage to switch the instrument in a SBUV mode for comparison with this technique.
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