We have developed a system that separates and measures the optical properties of skin, i.e., the surface reflection, diffuse reflection, and sub-surface scattering components of the skin. This system includes two polarization filters that separate light from the skin into a surface reflection component image and a diffuse reflection component image. Furthermore, by using a projector as a light source and irradiating the skin using a high-frequency binary illumination pattern, the sub-surface scattering component image alone can be separated and generated. Using the proposed system, we performed a survey of 154 Japanese women aged from their 20s to their 70s and analyzed age-related changes in the optical properties of their skin. The results revealed the following. First, the luminance value Y of the surface reflection from the cheek and its standard deviation within the analysis area increase with age. Second, the Y value of diffuse reflection from the skin decreases with age. Third, the amount of light in the sub-surface scattering components also decreases with age. The proposed system is expected to have a wide range of applications in the medical and cosmetic fields.
Aging alterations in dermal blood vessels have been investigated using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA). However, classifying the vessel’s type was previously limited. In this study, we focused on diameter-dependent vascular alterations in facial skin with age, developing 3D analytical methods to the OCTA data with removing tail-artifact. As a result, it was found that the number of micro-vessels, defined at 20–39 microns, decreased with age, which was inversely true for thick vessels (160–179 micron diameter). Our results suggest that the aging degree of dermal vessels may be uniquely assessed by the diameter-dependent vascular alterations using the OCTA.
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