Mr. Masaru Fukushima Profile

Masaru Fukushima

at Furukawa Electric Co Ltd

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Proceedings Article | 10 September 2007 Paper

Recent progress of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers and their components

Masaru Fukushima, Jutaro Miura

Proceedings Volume 6775, 677502 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.752528

KEYWORDS: Optical amplifiers, Fiber amplifiers, Absorption, L band, Aluminum, Wavelength division multiplexing, Optical filters, Single mode fibers, Waveguides, Optics manufacturing

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The Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) are widely available in a today's commercial market, and are deployed in various optical transmission applications from terrestrial system to undersea system. Broad gain spectrum over 9 THz enabled huge growth of bandwidth usage in 1550nm region aimed at broadband Internet, and its broad gain characteristics triggered bandwidth competition on dense wavelength division multiplex (DWDM) network these ten years. At first, we briefly review the evolutional history of EDFA with previous achievements. And we will explain the primary and important key devices which compose EDFA. We will discuss design parameters, and recent trend and achievements of the devices, which cover Erbium-doped fibers (EDF), 980-nm laser diodes (LD), and gain flattening filters (GFFs). The chip structure of 980-nm LD is explained to achieve high power and to realize high reliability. These key devices enabled EDFA to prevail in commercial area. After the discussion of key components, we will introduce recent achievements of gain controlled EDFAs which are applied in conjunction with Re-configurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (ROADM). We will report the transient gain dynamics of the cascaded EDFAs with a recirculating loop experiment.

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