We report a novel micro-optical systems approach for gas chromatographic detection based on plasma excitation of the eluate and subsequent emission spectroscopic evaluation. Specifically, we propose a detector architecture that integrates a microhollow cathode setup and an optical collector system on a common planar microsystems platform. The collector consists of an array of identical imaging systems that surround the microplasma and couple the emitted light side-on into fibers via which it can be fed into a spectrometer. Elliptically shaped reflector profiles ensure nearly aberration-free achromatic imaging and hence a high coupling efficiency. This is confirmed by ray-tracing simulations. An experimental demonstration of the detector module is assembled. The elliptical profiles are milled out of aluminium with diamond tools on an ultraprecision machining center. Experimental tests with a He plasma prove that a higher optical coupling efficieny than with the traditional end-on signal pickup scheme can be achieved.
The construction of a write-once-read-many-type optical write-read-head for volume holographic data storage
in disk-based photopolymer storage media is discussed. Its design is based on the photonic integration concept
called planar-integrated free-space optics. A proof-of-principle demonstrator was fabricated, it contains a 3mm
thick fused silica wafer that carries most passive components for the reference and the signal beam relay in
the form of diffractive optical elements, a translucent liquid crystal microdisplay, and the CCD sensor of a
webcam. Phenanthrenequinone-doped polymethylmethacrylate was chosen as storage material, a DPSS laser
with λ = 532nm serves as light source. We report about preliminary experiments to determine suitable exposure
parameters for holographic write-read operations, and on the use of data matrix codes for the encoding and
decoding of information.
KEYWORDS: Holography, Data storage, Head, Free space optics, Volume holography, Optical design, Holograms, Polymethylmethacrylate, Detector arrays, Holographic data storage systems
We discuss the micro-integration of an optical write-read head for disk-based volume holographic data storage. A
particular approach based on the design principle of
planar-integrated free-space optics and on photopolymer storage
materials is proposed. Numerical construction parameters are calculated and initial experimental results concerning the
performance of the photopolymer are presented.
A microfluidic system is presented that enables in-vitro investigations on tumor cells under conditions similar to those in
a blood vessel. Microscopic test objects are immersed in a liquid that circulates in a closed-loop PDMS microchannel
and that is sandwiched between a glass and a LiNbO3 wafer which are both transparent to enable visual access. The
actuation is achieved electroacoustically by interdigital transducers on the LiNbO3 wafer generating a Rayleigh-type
surface acoustic wave that transfers momentum to the liquid. The envisaged medical application for this chamber is
briefly sketched, its design and fabrication are discussed, and the operability is demonstrated.
In computer architecture bandwidth and memory latency represent a major bottleneck. One possibility for solving these problems is the use of optical interconnections with their inherent capability for large fanin and fanout, low skew, etc. Today the possibilities to produce integrated chips with optical and electronic connections are advanced and the barrier for their adoption in computer systems gets smaller. The European Union project 'High-Speed Opto-Electronic
Memory Systems' (HOLMS) aims at demonstrating the feasibility of an optical bus system for CPU memory access. The bus system is based on planar integrated free-space optics (PIFSO) in combination with fibre and PCB integrated waveguide optics. The goal is to demonstrate a novel architecture of low latency memory access. Here, we will discuss the task of the free-space optics. The assignment of the PIFSO is to perform all fanin and fanout operations for the interconnection between CPU and memory. Longer distances like connections between CPU and memory will be broadcasted by waveguides in the PCB; and fibres are used to combine two PCBs to a multiprocessor system. The first task consists of the design and the realization of the interface between the PIFSO and the PCB integrated
waveguides. Besides the optical coupling, it is the main aspect to find an optical solution that allows large mechanical tolerances in the packaging of the different parts of the system. The large number of optical lines and their fanout and fanin are a challenge for design and construction, too. Design issues will be discussed and first experimental results will be presented.
We present an architectural approach to overcome the interconnection problem of modern VLSI-circuits and demonstrate it experimentally in form of a multi-chip-module (MCM) in which four optoelectronic VLSI-chips communicate optically via a planar-integrated free-space optical system. The MCM implements a distributed parallel computing model and is compact and robust. The optical system has been integrated on the surfaces of a slab of quartz glass by means of lithographic microfabrication techniques. The quartz substrate also serves as circuit board for the opto- electronic VLSI-chips. Our approach allows dense packaging (> 100 per mm2) of large numbers of optical interconnects.
We have proposed and demonstrated a shift-invariant optical associative memory by the modified Hausler/Lange algorithm. It is a feedback network with space invariant coupling by the convolution operation. The system is shown to have the capabilities of error correction and pattern recognition. Both computer simulations and optical experiments are presented in this paper.
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