The development of a 4-channel×10-Gbits/s optical interconnect module based on a silicon optical bench (SiOB) is presented. The 4-channel vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) and photo diode (PD) arrays are flip-chip assembled onto the pedestals of SiOB using Au/Sn solder bumps to form an SiOB-based bi-directional optical sub-assembly (BOSA) configuration. The optical coupling of VCSEL-to-multi-mode fiber (MMF) and MMF-to-PD without adding coupled optics is −5.2 and −2 dB, respectively. The wide alignment tolerances of 1-dB power variation for the transmitting and receiver parts to be ±15 μm are achieved. The clearly open 10-Gbits/s eye patterns of transmitting part as well as the 10−12-order bit error rate (BER) at the receiving part verify the proposed SiOB-based module is suitable for the application of 4-channel×10-Gbits/s optical interconnects.
In this research, we propose a high performance non-image illumination module of pico-projector which includes light source, collimator and liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) panel. The light source is RGB LED. The collimator consists of two glass collimator lenses and two double sides micro lens array (MLA) for light homogenizer. MLAs play a critical role in the LED illumination module. Dual double-side MLAs have been adopted for the homogenizer to satisfy the numerical aperture in the optical design. The good uniformity and high accuracy MLA structure was generated by ultra precision diamond shaping method and the MLA plate is subsequently fabricated by injection molding. Finally, a non-image illumination module with power efficiency 30.87 lm/w and uniformity of 56% on LCoS panel in a very compact size, less than 1.6 cm3 in volume, has been developed.
Transmitting part of optical interconnection module with three-dimensional optical path is demonstrated. In this module,
electronic-device and photonic-device are separated on the front and rear sides of SOI substrate. The key component of
this module are 45° micro reflector and trapezoidal waveguide which are fabricated by single-step wet etching on front
side of SOI substrate. High-frequency transmission lines for 4-channel × 2.5-GHz and VCSELs are constructed on rear
side of SOI substrate. In this module, the measurement result of optical coupling efficiency is -8.09 dB, and the 1-dB
alignment tolerances are 25 μm and 26 μm on the horizontal and vertical direction, respectively. Eye diagrams are
measured at data rate of 1-Gbps and 2.5-Gbps with the 215-1 PRBS pattern and the clearly open eyes are demonstrated.
SOI-based trapezoidal waveguide with 45° reflector for non-coplanar light bending is proposed and demonstrated. The
proposed structures include 45° micro-reflector and silicon trapezoidal waveguide. Due to the SOI-based trapezoidal
waveguide with 45° reflector, light wave can be coupled into silicon waveguide easily and have higher coupling
efficiency. All of structures are fabricated using a single-step wet etching process. The RMS roughness of waveguide
sidewall and 45° micro-reflector is about 30 nm. The coupling efficiency of proposed structure is -4.51 dB, and
misalignment tolerance are 42 μm at horizontal direction and 41 μm at vertical direction. The multi-channel trapezoidal
waveguide is also demonstrated. This device can transfer the light wave at the same time, and its cross talk is about -50
dB.
In this paper, a bi-directional 4-channel x 10-Gbps optoelectronic transceiver based on this silicon optical bench (SiOB)
technology is developed. A bi-directional optical sub-assembly (BOSA), fiber ribbon assembly, PCB with high
frequency trace design, transmitter driver, and receiver TIA IC are included in this transceiver. The BOSA and PCB also
have some specific design for conventional chip-on-board (COB) process. In eye diagram measurement, the transmitter
can pass 10-G Ethernet eye mask with 25% margin at room temperature; Bit-error-rate (BER) performance from the
transmitter to receiver via 10-meter fiber can achieve 10-12 order, which confirm the transceiver's ability of 10-Gbps data
transmission per a channel.
In this paper, the proposed polymer waveguides based on silicon optical bench (SiOB) including a Si-based 45° microreflector
and multi-channel polymer waveguides at cross-sectional dimension of 40 × 20 μm2 is demonstrated. The
proposed 45° micro-reflector is fabricated on an orientation-defined (100) silicon substrate by using the anisotropic wetetching
process. The optical performance of polymer waveguides with the propagation loss of -0.35 dB/cm and the
insertion loss of -2.5 dB for the SiOB-based bending structure with polymer waveguides has been experimented. The
multi-channels polymer waveguides based on the SiOB would be applied for the chip-to-chip optical interconnect.
In this Letter, the identification device disclosed in the present invention is comprised of: a carrier
and a plurality of pseudo-pixels; wherein each of the plural pseudo-pixels is formed on the carrier
and is further comprised of at least a light grating composed of a plurality of light grids. In a
preferred aspect, each of the plural light grids is formed on the carrier while spacing from each
other by an interval ranged between 50nm and 900nm. As the aforesaid identification device can
present specific colors and patterns while it is being viewed by naked eye with respect to a
specific viewing angle, the identification device is preferred for security and anti-counterfeit
applications since the specific colors and patterns will become invisible when it is viewed while
deviating from the specific viewing angle.
In this paper, the design of effective microprism based on the subwavelength periodic lattices is proposed. The
microprism is realized by using a two-dimensional photonic crystal (PhC) structure with a periodic lattice of air-holes.
In order to behave as a homogeneous and isotropic microprism, the PhC structure with a hexagonal lattice should be
operated in the low frequency. By monolithically integrating the effective microprism in the bending area of an optical
waveguide, its wavefront of eigenmode could be tilted correctly to suppress the radiation loss in wide-angle bent
waveguides. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of proposed microprism for low-index-contrast waveguides, an
example of bent waveguide with the eigenmode nearly compatible to the single mode fiber is adopted to design the PhC
microprism. The transmission efficiency as high as 92% for the proposed structure with the bending angle of 12.96° and
the bending radius of 89.09 μm is achieved.
In this paper, the guide-mode resonance (GMR) devices based on a suspended membrane structure is designed and
experimentally demonstrated. The presented membrane structure possesses a simple structure for resonance excitation
and is capable of improving the spectral response. The results of resonance excitation, improving the sideband and low
oscillatory spectrum are presented. Due to the utilization of silicon-based materials, the proposed filter is also potential
candidates to be integrated with other optoelectronic devices for further applications.
In this paper, silicon-based micro and subwavelength optical elements based on a free-standing silicon nitride (SiNx)
membrane are achieved. These elements, including gratings, microlenses, and holographic optical elements (HOEs), are
designed and used within the visible and infrared regions. These devices can be used as collimators, reflectors, and
wavelength-dependent filters with advantages of simple structure, high efficiency and feasibility to integrate with other
elements into a micro-system chip. In order to demonstrate the advantage of micro-optics of free-standing SiNx
membrane type in integration, a miniaturized optical pickup head module based on a stacked micro-optical system is
developed. This module consisted of a laser diode, a reflector, a grating, a holographic optical element, and some
aspherical Fresnel lenses. The novel microoptical system can overcome the problems encountered in other microoptical
systems such as off-axis aberration, lower optical efficiency or durability, integration and even in fabrication. A focal
spot with a FWHM diameter of 3.3 μm is obtained while the diffraction limited full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) is
0.7 μm. To extend the advantage of micro-optics of free-standing SiNx membrane, the subwavelength optical elements
base on guided-mode resonance is also developed. With various Si-based structures, the filter possesses numerous
properties such as variable bandwidths, low sideband, flattop, and etc. They are also applied as biosensors to detect the
hybridization process of bio reaction for their high sensitivity. The results show that micro and subwavelength optical
elements fabricated on Si-based material will be a candidate for emerging silicon micro-photonics.
A hybrid grism lens, which integrates an off-axis diffractive grating and an on-axis refractive lens onto a prism structure, is developed. The proposed grism lens can simplify the setup of grating-based wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) device owing to the dual-functional characters combined within only one element. The 100-GHz dense WDM (DWDM) device based on the grism lens is designed with an insertion loss of 2.91±0.53 dB and a crosstalk of 58.02 dB. The tolerance analysis, the allowable grating tilt angle of ±0.5 deg and fiber displacement of ±1 µm, shows that the proposed structure could be practically applied to the grating-based demultiplexers.
A modified conformal mapping method for analyzing traveling-wave modulators in
LiNbO3 crystal is presented. In order to improve performances of LiNbO3 electrooptic
devices, rigorous studies on the characteristic impedance and the effective dielectric constant
are required. This analytical model is suitable for considering the aforementioned
electrical properties for LiNbO3 traveling-wave modulators with finite thickness electrodes
and a buffer layer. Numerical results are comparied with the available data derived from
the mode matching method.
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