In this paper, a high transmission metasurface for subwavelength focusing of terahertz waves was proposed. A full 2π phase coverage with high transmission at target frequency was designed by varying the lengths of the cross resonators. The high transmission characteristics of the resonators were analyzed and the performance of the focusing was also discussed. The results show that the maximum transmission of the resonators reaches 0.92 and the terahertz wave can be focused with at the focusing point of a full width at half-maximum of 143 μm, which agrees well with the full width at half-maximum of 139 μm obtained by Huygens' principle. This device with the characteristics of flexible, thin and easy-integration exhibits the potential applications in THz imaging and communications, and also can be extended in the design of other planar THz components easily.
Hyperspectral imaging technique and artificial neural network were used to investigate the feasibility of the nondestructive prediction for firmness and soluble solids content (SSC) of “Red” and “Green” plums. And the standard normal variation (SNV) was adopted to preprocess original spectral reflectance of region of interests. Then 5 and 28 characteristic wavelengths were selected from 256 full wavelengths by the methods of successive projection algorithm (SPA) and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS), respectively. An error back propagation (BP) network model was proposed based on selected characteristic variables to predict firmness and SSC of plums. The SSC prediction accuracy of CARS-BP model in calibration set (rc = 0.989, RMESC = 0.451 °Brix) was slightly higher than SPA-BP model (rc = 0.978, RMESC = 0.589 °Brix), while the SSC prediction accuracy of SPA-BP model in prediction set (rp = 0.964, RMESP = 0.778 °Brix) was slightly higher than CARS-BP model (rp = 0.955, RMESP = 0.851 °Brix).
In general, the terahertz metamaterial filter based on the complementary structure mainly has the fixed resonant frequency and asymmetric resonant frequency edges. In this paper, a thermally control terahertz narrow bandpass filter consisting of a periodic array of complementary wires embedded with thermosensitive semiconductor indium antimonide (InSb) has been proposed. Due to the structure of the filter is relatively simple, it can be more easily fabricated by lithograph technology compared with traditional terahertz metamaterial filter structure. Furthermore, its performance has also been analyzed based on the effective medium theory and the Drude model. The results show that the resonant frequency shifts from 1.16THz to 2.11THz with the increasing of the temperature from 160K to 360K, and the blueshift of resonance frequency as large as 81% can be implemented. Meanwhile, the reflectivity at the resonant frequency almost tends to be zero and the transmissivity spectrum at the resonant frequency exhibits sharp and symmetric edges. The filter can be applied to THz imaging system, and can effectively improve the imaging quality as a result of well characteristics of dynamic tuned filer and relatively simple structure.
The optical rectification crystals would be damaged under the high-power femtosecond laser radiation during the generation of terahertz radiation in optical rectification, limiting the further increase of the intensity and energy conversion efficiency of terahertz radiation. In this paper, the interaction mechanism between the femtosecond laser pulse and optical rectification crystals has been analyzed and the prediction model of damage threshold of LiNbO3 crystal under femtosecond laser has also been built up. On the basis, the evolution of free electron in crystal material has been discussed in detail, and the influence of the major parameters of the femtosecond laser on the damage threshold has been analyzed quantitatively. The results show that, the density of generated free electron increases with the increasing of the intensity and the pulse duration of femtosecond laser. For the given intensity of femtosecond laser, the damage threshold of the LiNbO3 crystal increases with the increasing of the pulse duration. The results for the damage threshold are consistent quite well with the experimental data reported in the literature.
Considering the two-photon light shift (TPLS) effect and the Doppler shift effect, the model of the output frequency of the optically pumped THz gas laser has been built up. The influence of the TPLS and the Doppler shift effects on THz output frequency stability has been analyzed theoretically and numerically. Results indicate that, increasing the pump laser power may degrade the THz output frequency stability to some extent. When only considering the TPLS, with certain pump laser power, the THz frequency shift increases first and then decreases with the increasing of the pump laser frequency offset. In addition, the THz frequency shift tends to decrease gradually with the increasing of the gas pressure and the operating temperature. However, further considering the influence of the Doppler shift effect simultaneously, the THz frequency shift tends to increase nearly linearly with the pump frequency offset. The results provide reference to improve output frequency stability of the optically pumped THz gas laser.
Optical rectification of ultra-short laser pulses is an attractive technique for efficient generation of terahertz pulses. An analytical expression of the optical-to-terahertz conversion efficiency in optical rectification by the use of the method of tilted-pulse-front pumping has been derived and used to simulate the maximum optical-to-terahertz conversion efficiency. The variations of the conversion efficiency of optical-to-terahertz with the length of crystal, the intensity and the pulse duration of the pumping ultra-short laser have been investigated, both in numerical and analytical solutions. In addition, the absorption of terahertz wave in LiNbO3 has also been taken into account. The results show that, the optical-to-terahertz conversion efficiency increases with the intensity of pump pulse and the length of crystal, whereas decreases with the increasing of the pulse duration for the case of the relatively large pulses duration.
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