In this research, we present methods for monitoring deforestation and examining implication of the forest policies in forest carbon stocks in the future utilizing ALOS-PALSAR data. Riau Province of central Sumatra is selected for the study as it has received worldwide attention due to high forest–related carbon emissions. An aboveground forest carbon stocks (AFCS) model was calibrated with field measurement data and L-band backscatters from high-resolution slope corrected PALSAR mosaic data of 2009 and 2010. A total of 87 plots of field measured AFCS data ranging 1 - 340 t/ha was used. This AFCS model provides the AFCS map with RMSE of ±45 t/ha. The AFCS modeling results was extrapolated across the province using the mosaic data. The model estimated 315 million tons of AFCS in the province in 2010. A spatial model was used to spatialize three forest policy scenarios. These scenario maps were overlaid with AFCS map for deriving future perspective on AFCS. The future spatial patterns of the AFCS between the policy scenarios are apparent. If the historical trend continues, the forest cover will be consistently disappeared leaving very few small forest patches and releasing 77% of the current AFCS in to the atmosphere by 2030. However, one of the governance scenarios in the province indicates that almost half of the carbon emission can be reduced in the same period.
The increasing availability of time series satellite images and improving techniques have allowed mapping and detecting
landscape change in densely populated and topographically complex urban areas. This research aims to trace land use
patterns and spatiotemporal landscape change in Kathmandu metropolitan region for the last five decades. Incorporating
with other ancillary data, the CORONA (1967), Landsat (1978, 1991, and 2000), and ALOS (2010) satellites images
were processed applying hybrid image classification method. Twelve land use types were mapped. Dynamic spatial
patterns of urban landscape are observed where the built-up areas gradually increased in the 1970s but had a speedy
growth since the 1990s. Prime agricultural landscape in the valley floor has been converted to built-up areas. Forest and
shrubs landscapes in rural areas are mostly changed to agricultural uses. Expansion of built-up area has progressively
become uniform in recent decades. A refill type of development in the city core and adjacent areas has shown a
decreasing trend of the neighborhood distances and an increasing trend of physical connectedness between the different
land uses. This process indicates a higher probability of homogenous landscape development particularly built area in
upcoming decades which may further degrade the urban ecosystem services and cause environmental problems in the
metropolitan region.
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