Several recent studies have described the use of infrared (IR) nanoimaging for non-invasive chemical discrimination of subcellular features and intracellular exogenous agents. In this work we outline a number of improvements in both quantitative IR nanoimage analysis and optical system improvements which enable recovery of nanoscale subcellular chemical localization with improved chemical precision. Additionally, we demonstrate how a combination of IR absorption nanoimaging and topographic data can produce subcellular chemical density and complexity maps, which can illustrate several cellular features of interest, including the label free localization of nuclei for both healthy and cancerous cell lines with sub 40nm accuracy. As many cell processes related to disease are governed by the position and dynamics of subcellular features, we present the ability to map biochemical inhomogeneity of cancer cells at nanoscale resolution as a means to explore the subcellular biomechanics underlying carcinogenesis.
This study reports on the use of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) as a non-destructive tool for detection and localisation of Porphyrin-Gold nanoparticles (GNP) conjugates at the subcellular level. Conjugates of the hydrophobic photosensitizer meso-Tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) and GNPs were synthesized. The TPP-GNPs were characterized by by ultraviolet—visible absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. TPPGNPs with a mean diameter of 12 nm were introduced into SW480 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Single point SERS was applied in conjunction with fluorescence microscopy to localize the exogenous materials within the cells. Our results indicate that the TPP-GNP nanomaterials are distributed within cells in the cytoplasm. Overall our results indicate that Raman spectroscopy has the potential to be a high-throughput tool to localise nanoparticles in the subcellular environment.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging technique for the treatment of cancerous and non-cancerous conditions.
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) possess unique physical and chemical properties which allow them to act as multifunctional
agents in nanomedicine. GNP- photosensitizer conjugates have attracted increasing attention in drug delivery for
photodynamic cancer therapy. In the present investigation, we prepared covalent conjugates of the photosensitizer
Toluidine Blue O (TBO) and thiol protected GNPs. The suitability of TBO- GNPs conjugates for in vitro PDT was
assayed using the SW480 Human colon adenocarcinoma cell line. Our results suggest that gold nanoparticle conjugates
are an excellent vehicle for delivery of photosensitizer agents in the photodynamic therapy of cultured tumour cells.
Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERs) of functionalization HiPco single wall carbon nanotubes are performed.
SWCNTs with covalently bonded amine groups were investigated using SERs assessing the impact of altering the
electronic arrangement of the nanotube surface. The Raman frequencies of tangential, disorder modes and radial
breathing modes have been used to make comparison between SWCNTs conjugated with Fluoresceinamine. Excitation
of nanotube samples at wavelengths in resonance with both metallic and semiconductor nanotubes was undertaken.
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