KEYWORDS: Oxides, Graphene, Multilayers, Composites, Global system for mobile communications, Lithium, Sulfur, Nanomaterials, Laser induced plasma spectroscopy, Ions
Vanadium carbide (V8C7) nanowires (NWs) axially grown on carbon cloths (CCs) as multi-ion acceptable cathode for both lithium (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) were reported here. Using a facile hydrothermal method, we grew V2O3 NWs on CCs and subsequently reduced them to V8C7 by annealing with carbon sources under a H2/Ar atmosphere. In striking contrast to V2O5 NWs cathodes obtained by annealing under air atmosphere, the V8C7 NWs exhibit outstanding cycle stability during 500 cycles, and good rate capability for both LIB and SIB. V8C7 NWs as cathode active materials for LIBs exhibited 203.9 mAh g-1 in specific capacity at 0.1C after 500 cycles, representing 91.12% in cyclic retention and coulombic efficiency of 99.84%. As cathodes in SIBs, the V8C7 NWs delivered 176.34 mAh g-1 in specific capacity at 0.1C during 300 cycles. Due to its defect sites by removal of the oxygen framework in V2O3 NWs during the annealing step, and preservation of their unique 1D NW structure, the superior electrochemical performance is obtained. Moreover, the CCs utilized here as the current collector, provided a flexible 3D substrate that was able to mitigate the volume changes during cation intercalation/deintercalation, in conjunction with high electrical conductivity and chemical stability.
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