KEYWORDS: Data modeling, Calibration, Remote sensing, Modeling, Thermal weapon sites, Climatology, Data processing, Process modeling, Soil science, Data storage
As the tenth-largest river basin in the world and one of the largest in the Russian Federation, the Amur River basin’s
water resources have changed greatly in the last decades. More comprehensive understanding of hydrological process in
the Amur River basin based on hydrological model is needed. With the increased availability of remotely sensed
information, some hydrological variables assessed through remote measurements can be used to complement discharge
data and a different respect of hydrological observations into the modelling process. In this paper, the calibration and
validation of a semi-distributed hydrological model in the Amur River basin using remote sensing data were presented.
The long-term hydrological processes of the Amur River basin for 2000-2013 was simulated based on Soil and Water
Assessment Tool (SWAT) and the changes of the hydrological variables were analyzed. The total water storage change
(TWSC) derived from the Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE), the actual evapotranspiration (ET)
calculated using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and advanced very high resolution
radiometer (AVHRR) data, and multi-site river discharge data were used in the model calibration and validation. This
study showed that the streamflow, evapotranspiration, surface runoff, soil water content and groundwater discharge into
reach had all changed to varying degrees in Amur River basin during the period 2000-2013 under the influence of
climate changes and human activities. Remotely sensed information was demonstrated useful in successful application of
the model calibration and validation, and especially in reducing the equifinality for different parameters.
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