We present a novel implementation of high-speed photoacoustic microscopy with an ultrawide field of view (FOV). Existing photoacoustic microscopy systems have limitations in resolution, FOV, and speed. To address these challenges, we improved our previous immersible-polygon-scanner-based photoacoustic microscopy and developed a dual-view photoacoustic microscopy system using two facets of the same scanner. The system has achieved high resolutions of ~10 µm (lateral) and 35 µm (axial) with a B-scan rate of 500 Hz. We have demonstrated the imaging performance on freely-moving zebrafish and hypoxia challenge of a pair of mice.
SignificancePhotoacoustic microscopy (PAM) offers advantages in high-resolution and high-contrast imaging of biomedical chromophores. The speed of imaging is critical for leveraging these benefits in both preclinical and clinical settings. Ongoing technological innovations have substantially boosted PAM’s imaging speed, enabling real-time monitoring of dynamic biological processes.AimThis concise review synthesizes historical context and current advancements in high-speed PAM, with an emphasis on developments enabled by ultrafast lasers, scanning mechanisms, and advanced imaging processing methods.ApproachWe examine cutting-edge innovations across multiple facets of PAM, including light sources, scanning and detection systems, and computational techniques and explore their representative applications in biomedical research.Results:This work delineates the challenges that persist in achieving optimal high-speed PAM performance and forecasts its prospective impact on biomedical imaging.ConclusionsRecognizing the current limitations, breaking through the drawbacks, and adopting the optimal combination of each technology will lead to the realization of ultimate high-speed PAM for both fundamental research and clinical translation.
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