Mr. Thong Bui Profile

Thong Bui

at Jabil Inc

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Publications (2)

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Proceedings Article | 12 April 2021 Presentation + Paper

Show me the SO2: real-time LED oximetry display on multimodal wearable devices

Yusuf Bhagat, Krishnaveni Das, Thong Bui

Proceedings Volume 11757, 1175703 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2588173

KEYWORDS: LED displays, Oximetry, Light emitting diodes, Electrocardiography, Reflectivity, Organic light emitting diodes, Sensors, Photodiodes, Oximeters, Blood oxygen saturation

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The current landscape of clinical vital signs monitoring solutions including those designed for wound monitoring emphasizing blood oxygen saturation (SO₂) or oximetry remain limited in their scope owing to the lack of miniaturization, portability, disposability and visualization of real-time data readouts. To address such limitations, we present two wearable proof-of-concept oximeters with multi-digit, 7-segment light emitting diode (LED) displays, a ring and a patch, showcasing transmissive and reflective oximetry solutions, respectively, along with other distinctly integrated modalities such as non-coplanar electrocardiography (ECG), temperature sensing, activity and fall detection. Two miniature Bluetooth-enabled oximetry devices are showcased. The technology encompasses solutions such as blood oxygen saturation (SO₂) mapping based on reflective oximetry (4 x 4 array of LEDs and photodiodes), non-coplanar ECG using inkjet dispensed, 8 μm-thick Silver-Silver Chloride electrodes, central and peripheral temperature sensors, an accelerometer and an organic LED (OLED) display layer on a rigid flex hybrid printed circuit board (PCB) for reporting quantitative metrics from either the reflective oximeter or ECG on a wearable patch. A wearable smart ring includes transmission oximetry sensors (LEDs and photodiodes), integrated on a single flexible PCB. Here, additional sensors comprise temperature and an accelerometer. Both devices, the ring and patch comprise LED display layers for showcasing real-time quantitative parameters such as SO₂ or heart rate (HR) and HR variability.

Proceedings Article | 12 April 2021 Presentation + Paper

Where the silicone meets the wrist: direct over molding of biometric sensors on a wearable band

Yusuf Bhagat, Krishnaveni Das, Thong Bui

Proceedings Volume 11757, 117570D (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2585897

KEYWORDS: Silicon, Sensors, Electrocardiography, Biometrics, Data storage, Blood pressure, Photoplethysmography, Photodiodes, Lithium, Liquids

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The wearables market is highly saturated with activity and heart rate monitors that are prone to mimickry between various vendors. Advances such as cuffless blood pressure monitoring based on electrocardiography (ECG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) are gaining traction as novel wearable device offerings, albeit with concerns pertaining to robustness, reproducibility, motion compensation and affordability. The prohibitively higher cost of this newer device category is associated with the quantity and quality of on-board custom components along with their complex assembly and integration requirements. Here, such limitations are addressed by offering multiple sensing modalities including activity monitoring from a tri-axis accelerometer, optical PPG utilizing four light emitting diodes, two photodiodes, and single-lead ECG utilizing 10 μm-thick, screen printed Silver-Silver Chloride electrodes in a cost-effective, Bluetooth-enabled wearable wristband. Blood pressure is measured by simultaneous ECG and PPG measurements to derive the pulse transit time. The device is powered by a rechargeable 3.7V Lithium-Ion battery with 20mAh capacity. Data are transferred to either Android or iOS applications, which then based on application programming interfaces communicate with a cloud back-end for long-term data storage and retrieval of archival parameters. The added uniqueness of this wristband is that it incorporates direct over molding of the on-board electronics and assembled printed circuit boards (33 x 22.8 x 10.8 mm³) using novel low temperature (100°C) liquid silicone rubber with specialized high accuracy mixing equipment. Our approach sharply contrasts with conventional silicone which cures at temperatures reaching 150°C and higher, thereby endangering electronic components during the over molding processes.

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