In the preservation of cultural heritage items, the use of polymeric materials for the consolidation and protection of
artifacts with historical and artistic value is widely accepted. In the case of stone conservation, application of polymeric
materials is a settled technique used to minimize the rate of stone decay and to strengthen stone deteriorated by processes
of weathering, effects of atmospheric pollution or inappropriate interventions. In recent years a new class of composite
material is offered by polymeric nanocomposites systems, based on organic polymers and inorganic nano-particles [1, 2].
These systems show a great interfacial area per volume between nano-particles and polymer, with higher properties
compared to the unmodified resin. Nanocomposite systems based on silicone-acrylate copolymers and different amounts
of the modified nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO2) (1, 2 and 4 wt %) were tested as protective and encapsulating agents
for the outdoor exposed stone substrates. Conservation and encapsulation efficiency of these treatments was evaluated
through physical investigations (resistance to ultra violet, freeze-thaw aging resistance and accelerated ageing resistance
to artificial climate). The results have evidenced that the nano-scale dispersion of low amounts of the modified
nano-SiO2 into the polymeric matrix enhances the encapsulating and protective action of the outdoor exposed stone
substrates. In fact, the outdoor exposed stone substrates treated with the nanocomposite systems exhibits a more marked
reduction in resistance to ultra violet, freeze-thaw aging resistance and accelerated ageing resistance to artificial climate
with respect to stone treated with the neat silicone-acrylate copolymers and B72 polymer, a commercial copolymer ethyl
methacrylate/methyl acrylate (EM/MA).
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