A novel spectral shaping mechanism for pre-compensating gain-narrowing is investigated numerically and experimentally. The spectral shaping is realized based on the mapping between the frequency and time domain, via the modulation of intensity in time domain can be casted to frequency domain. The optical ultrashort pulse is injected to a nonlinear amplifying loop mirror (NALM) and modulated both in the frequency and time domain. The pulse spectrum can be modulated in saddle-shape, and the sinking depth of spectrum can be tuning with the variation of the pump power of the NALM, which can pre-compensate the gain-narrowing and sustain a broadband spectrum in later high-gain amplifier. A proof-of-principle experiment is carried out. The spectral bandwidth of amplified optical pulse increases from about 10 nm to 19 nm, and pulse duration is shorten from 669 fs to 342 fs with the implementation of NALM spectral shaper, which shows a significant suppressing on the spectral gain-narrowing. This tunable NALM spectral shaper is employed with an all-polarization-maintaining (PM) and all-fiber structure, providing a flexible and practical solution to overcome gain-narrowing in high-gain amplifications.
In this study, different colors with a large variation in color gamut were induced by 1064 nm nanosecond pulsed laser on TC4. Then, we tested the stability and durability of the color marking made by nanosecond pulsed laser under various chemical agents and aggressive temperature conditions. The results showed that colors marking on TC4 have high sustainability to acidic and neutral solutions and also can stand the high temperature. Due to the high stability and durability of the induced colors, it is not easy to secondarily revise the colored areas, which will reduce the applicability of laser coloring technology. Here, we proposed using ultrafast pulsed laser to selectively erase the colored areas in ethanol and nitrogen atmosphere. We found that ultrafast pulsed laser had high erasing quality on the colored surface. The ΔE* before and after erasing is less than 7, and the reflectance spectra of erased areas is similar to the untreated areas. These results are essential to provide a proper solution for the lack of applicability and flexibility in laser coloring technology, which can open new perspectives in industrial applications.
We report a high-power chirped pulse amplification (CPA) based on nonlinear amplifying loop mirror (NALM) oscillator and Yb-doped rod-type photonic crystal fiber (PCF). An all-polarization-maintaining NALM mode-locked fiber oscillator was used providing an average power of 9.4 mW, a pulse duration of 5.3 ps at the repetition rate of 21 MHz. After pulse stretching, selection and amplification, an average power of 120 W with the pulse duration of 145 ps at repetition rate of 4.2 MHz has been achieved. The pulse duration is compressed to 14 ps using a pair of reflective gratings coated by gold film. In order to prevent the damage of the gratings, the compressed average power is limited to 51 W. The compressed pulse average power can be further improved by using transmissive gratings coated by dielectric film.
We report on an all-polarization-maintaining mode-locked fiber with a nonlinear amplifying loop mirror. The repetition rate of the laser varying from 100 kHz to 21 MHz by adjusting the length of passive fiber at the proper position of the cavity. The pulse energy up to 0.1 μJ is realized in case of 100 kHz, and the compressed pulse duration of 177 fs is demonstrated in the case of 5.92 MHz. It’s noticeable that almost all the pulses can be compressed to hundreds of femtosecond level.
We report a dispersion-management mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser utilizing all-polarization-maintaining (PM) components and cross-splicing method, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first report about dispersion management mode-locking with this approach. The compact linear cavity is constructed with a chirped fiber Bragg grating for dispersion-management, and nonlinear polarization evolution based on all PM fiber structured artificial saturable absorber as nonlinear mode-locking mechanism, delivering 1.855 mW average power output pulses with 3dB spectral bandwidth of 25.18 nm centered at 1031 nm. The stable pulse train had a repetition rate of 6.14 MHz and pulse duration was 7.01 ps which could be further compressed to 179.6 fs. The net dispersion of the cavity is adjusted by changing lengths of the single mode fiber in the cavity from anomalous dispersion to normal dispersion. We have obtained different features of pulses, which distinguished in spectral shapes and time traces. In the meantime, we discuss the nonlinear characteristics of this saturable absorbers theoretically and provide a theoretical basis for further improving the mode-locked fiber lasers.
We demonstrated an all-fiber-integrated linearly-polarized picosecond ytterbium-doped master-oscillator power-amplifier system, which yielded 225-W of average output power and the corresponding slope efficiency is 70.5%. The seed source was a compact passively mode-locked polarization-maintaining ytterbium-doped all-fiber oscillator with a pulse duration of 80-ps at 58.2-MHz repetition rate. In combination with two pre-amplifiers and a large-mode-area polarization-maintaining ytterbium-doped all-fiber master amplifier, output pulse energy up to 3.8-μJ with 48.3-kW pulse peak power was obtained without the need of complex free-space coupling and output setups. The polarization extinction ratio were measured to be 14.5 dB and the beam quality M2 factors was less than 1.49 in the both orthogonal directions at maximum output power.
We report self-starting femtosecond operation of a 127-MHz SESAM mode locked Cr:ZnSe laser around 2420 nm. A thulium doped double clad fiber laser at 1908 nm was used as the pumping source. In the normal dispersion regime, stable pulse pairs with constant phase differences in the multipulse regime were observed. The maximum output power was 342 mW with respect to incident pump power of 4.8 W and the corresponding slope efficiency was 10.4%. By inserting a piece of sapphire plate, dispersion compensation was achieved and the intra-cavity dispersion was moved to the anomalous regime. A maximum output power of 403 mW was obtained and the corresponding slope efficiency was 12.2%. Pulse width was measured to be 408 fs by a collinear autocorrelator using two-photon absorption in an InGaAs photodiode. The laser spectrum in multipulse operation showed a clear periodic modulation.
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