The Coded Ptychography (CP) achieves robust phase reconstruction by combining coded layers and overlapping scanning, however the requirement for a high scan overlap rate leads to a conflict between measurement precision and efficiency. This research suggests Coded Aperture Ptychography (CAP) as a solution to this issue. The amplitude modulation function of the spatial light modulator is employed to encode the detecting light's aperture, guaranteeing a consistent corresponding coding layer for every scan and offering ample phase diversity to enable high-precision phase recovery. In addition, to reduce the measurement complexity, a phase retrieve algorithm was proposed to reconstruct the object, incident beam, and coding layer all at once, and the absorption and amplitude constraints of the coding layer aperture were introduced to improve measurement efficiency and accuracy. We demonstrate in simulated studies that when the overlap rate is decreased to 0.2, the measurement accuracy of the CAP technique can be comparable to that of the CP method when the overlap rate is 0.8, and the number of algorithm iterations is lowered to a seventh.
Mode matching has proven effective in suppressing the mode hopping in external cavity diode lasers (ECDLs) without antireflection coating. However, prolonged operation of ECDLs is susceptible to mode hopping induced by fluctuations in the equivalent internal cavity length. In this study, we introduce a rapid mode hopping identification method by monitoring the first derivative of the frequency scanning interference signal. Subsequently, an adaptive mode hopping suppression method, based on the acquisition of a priori knowledge for the initial current traversal optimization range, is applied to ECDLs. The experimental results demonstrate a significant extension in the stable operation time of the ECDL by a factor of 17, surpassing 7 h using the proposed rapid adaptive mode hopping suppression method.
The vortex lattice and linear vortex array are network structures of multiple isolated vortices. We propose a method to generate these multi-vortex fields via superimposing two engineered edge dislocation arrays. By designing the topology of the edge dislocation array for stacking, we may obtain an arbitrary-order vortex lattice and linear vortex array. Besides, these edge dislocation array fields can be decomposed into a finite sum of harmonics, which indicates that anyorder vortex array can be created by using wave interference. It supplements the research about the vortex array generated by the interference method for the highest-order vortex lattice obtained by interferometry is 3rd at present. The feasibility of the proposed method is validated through simulations and experiments based on fourth-and fifth-order vortex lattices and linear vortex arrays.
The precision of Frequency-scanning interferometer(FSI) for absolute distance measurement depends much on the tunability of its laser source. However, an external cavity laser diode (ECLD) exhibits nonlinearity during optical frequency sweep due to hysteresis inherent to the piezoelectric ceramic transducer (PZT) actuator in the ECDL. As a result, the interference signal become nonstationary, and then extracting the phase of the nonstationary interference signal may cause errors. To address this problem, we propose a new method based on the Prandtl–Ishlinskii (PI) model for suppressing nonlinearity of optical frequency sweeping. For the proposed FSI, the output transmission signal of a Fabry–Perot (F-P) cavity is used to obtain the optical frequency curve of the ECLD. By using the input voltage of the linear driving signal and the optical frequency of the ECLD as input and output of the model respectively, the hysteresis model can be built based on PI modelling method. Hence, the inverse of the rate-independent PI model is employed as a feedforward controller to compensate the nonlinearity of the optical frequency sweeping. In our case, instead of driving the ECLD with a linear signal, we implement a corrected nonlinear driving signal of the PZT to suppress the nonlinearity of the sweeping frequency. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method. Compared with an external witness He–Ne incremental interferometer, the proposed method greatly improves the performance of the FSI for absolute distance measurement.
Because of its compact size and portability, optical fiber has been wildly used as optical paths in frequency-scanning interferometers for high-precision absolute distance measurements. However, since the fiber is sensitive to ambient temperature, its length and refractive index change with temperature, resulting in an optical path length drift that influences the repeatability of measurements. To improve the thermal stability of the measurement system, a novel frequency-scanning interferometer composed of two Michelson-type interferometers sharing a common fiber optical path is proposed. One interferometer defined as origin interferometer is used to monitor the drift of the measurement origin due to the optical path length drift of the optical fiber under on-site environment. The other interferometer defined as measurement interferometer is used to measure the distance to the target. Because the optical path length drift of the fiber appears in both interferometers, its influence can be eliminated by subtracting the optical path difference of the origin interferometer from the optical path difference of the measurement interferometer. A prototype interferometer was developed in our research, and experimental results demonstrate its robustness and stability. Under on-site environment, an accuracy about 4 μm was achieved for a distance of about 1 m.
This paper presents a mobile 3D coordinate measuring system for large scale metrology. This system is composed of a
network of rotating laser automatic theodolites (N-RLATs) and a portable touch probe. In the N-RLAT system, each
RLAT consists of two laser fans which rotate about its own Z axis at a constant speed and scan the whole metrology
space. The optical sensors mounted on the portable touch probe receive the sweeping laser fans and generate the
corresponding pulse signals, which establish a relationship between rotating angle of laser fan and time, and then the
space angle measurement is converted into the corresponding peak time precision measurement of pulse signal. The
rotating laser fans are modeled mathematically as a time varying parametrical vector in its local framework. A two steps
on-site calibration method for solving the parameters of each RLAT and coordinate transformation among the N-RLATs.
The portable probe is composed of optical sensors array with specified geometrical features and a touch point, on which
the coordinates of optical sensors is determined by the N-RLATs and the touch point is estimated by solving a non-linear
system. A prototype mobile 3D coordinate measuring system is developed and experiment results show its validity.
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