In this study, we used a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor with immobilizing
antibodies on its surface to detect human cytokines, which are activators that mediate intercellular communication
including expression and control of immune responses. The CMOS image sensor has many advantages over the Charge
Couple Device, including lower power consumption, operation voltage, and cost. The photodiode, a unit pixel
component in the CMOS image sensor, receives light from the detection area and generates digital image data. About a
million pixels are embedded, and size of each pixel is 3 x 3 μm. The chemiluminescence reaction produces light from
the chemical reaction of luminol and hydrogen peroxide. To detect cytokines, antibodies were immobilized on the
surface of the CMOS image sensor, and a sandwich immunoassay using an HRP-labeled antibody was performed. An
HRP-catalyzed chemiluminescence reaction was measured by each pixel of the CMOS image sensor. Pixels with
stronger signals indicated higher cytokine concentrations; thus, we were able to measure human interleukin-5 (IL-5) at
femtomolar concentrations.
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