Laser-assisted forming is a method based on contactless shaping of profiles with the use of a laser beam impact. This method has been developed from the early 1980s by the Centre for Laser Technology of Metals at the Kielce University of Technology (PŚk) and the Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), among others [1-7]. In general, the mechanism allowing for changing the shape of profiles is the material’s thermal expansion. Suitable profile heating (on programmed paths with an adequately selected temperature, etc.) allows for obtaining the planned shapes.
Despite certain areas of application (electrical mechanics, precision mechanics, micro-positioning and others), this method is ineffective [4-5]. When changing the shape of large-diameter profiles, this method is power and time consuming, thereby eliminating it from industrial applications. Thus, the concept of a hybrid method was created, i.e. laser forming with mechanical assistance. I
n 2015, PŚk established co-operation with the Metal Forming Institute (INOP) in Poznań, PAN’s Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, and the Rzeszów University of Technology in terms of research in the aforementioned topic. The above consortium commenced the execution of the project titled “Laser forming of thinwalled profiles with mechanical assistance, financed by the National Centre for Research and Development as part of subsidy no. PBS3/A5/47/2015.
The paper’s authors will present, among other things, the main concept of hybrid laser and mechanical forming, one of the concepts selected for the execution, design and construction of a station for bending thin-walled tubes and cone diffusers used in the construction of aircraft engines. The target materials of the research are Inconel 618 and Inconel 625 refractory nickel superalloys, as well as AISI 410 and AISI 325 heat-resistant Martensitic steels. These materials, due to their good mechanical properties when working at higher temperatures, are used for building turboprop engines. For economic reasons, the testing was conducted on X5CrNi18-10 acid-resistant austenitic steel. The hybrid method (assumptions, concept, design) presented in the paper was subjected to validation in laboratory conditions. The testing featured measurements of the forces required to obtain plastic deformations in the profile, bending angle, and determination of the process temperature. Furthermore, the paper will feature a presentation of future plans concerning the work executed as part of the said project.
KEYWORDS: Control systems, Laser processing, Fuzzy logic, Control systems design, Beam controllers, Error control coding, Actuators, Process control, Automatic control, LabVIEW
The article presents a developed, proprietary system of automatic temperature control of the workpiece surface for a laser processing. In the control system, a regulator based on fuzzy logic algorithms has been developed. The system is based on a RT real time system with a frequency of 1 kHz. In order to implement the system, the reconfigurable NI CompactRio microprocessor system together with the appropriate input modules was used. The control application was created based on the LabView software. The feedback signal for the control system was realized with usage of a fiber optic pyrometer observing the area of the laser beam. In order to implement the system in the existing, dedicated control system of the Trumpf TruCell 1005 laser device, a number of integration works were carried out. During the preliminary tests, the settings of the developed regulator were selected empirically and the correctness of its operation was checked for various working conditions. The article also presents the time series of the temperature control value and the control error combined with the course of the modulated laser device power during the laser machining process.
The presented article describes the effects of laser micro texture of the surface of construction materials used in civil aviation, aeronautics and the automotive industry. For this purpose, a laser with ultrashort pulses generating UV radiation was used. The authors presented the possibility of micro machining of INCONEL 718 alloy surfaces. The texture made can be used in many modern industrial applications relevant to the development of technology. One of such applications is the development of surfaces to increase the adhesiveness of bonded joints to other construction materials. The TruMicro 5325c laser used for this purpose allows the material to be processed using a cold ablation process, which allows precise, selective removal of the material without a thermal influence on the adjacent areas of the workpiece.
The article presents the results of laser microtexturing on the surface of structural materials used in aeronautics, civil aviation and the automotive industry. Using the laser with ultrashort pulses and UV radiation, the authors presented the possibility of surface treatment of titanium alloys. The microtexture can be used for many different industrial applications. One of such applications is to increase the surface area in order to increase the adhesive of bonded joints to other structural materials. The UV laser with ultra-short pulses used for this purpose allows micromachining of the material using the cold ablation process, which does not damage the material when it is micromachining. The research carried out by the authors is aimed to verifying how features such as the shape, density and depth of the laser-made microtexture affect to the strength of the constituted adhesive joint for the tested pair of materials.
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