An optical fiber-type fluorescence sensor based on surface-enhanced fluorescence (SEF) is proposed and analyzed through the finite element method. The field enhancement property of the designed multimode SPR fiber is utilized to improve the excitation rate of fluorescent molecules, which improves the sensitivity of fluorescence detection. Because the gold film is too close to fluorescent biomolecules, which can lead to fluorescence quenching, an optically transparent layer is added between the surface of the gold nanofilm and fluorescent biomolecules. And then analyze the layer's material and thickness parameters. When the gold film and PDMS thicknesses are 50 nm and 60 nm, the field enhancement factor (T) reaches the maximum value of 9.45. This fluorescence enhancement method provides a design possibility for improving the fluorescence detection sensitivity.
KEYWORDS: Gyroscopes, Control systems, Device simulation, Modulation, Feedback control, Fiber optic gyroscopes, Optical engineering, Control systems design, Resonators, Signal processing
The first- and second-order fractional-order proportional integral (FOPI) controllers based on the Al-Alaoui operator and the continued fraction expansion method are designed and applied to the closed-loop control system of a resonant optical gyro. The phase margin method is used to tune the control parameters. The characteristics of the unit step responses of the integer order proportional integral (IOPI) and the FOPI controllers are calculated and compared. Responses to perturbations at different positions of the closed-loop control system are simulated. Results show that for the resonant optical gyro, the FOPI closed-loop control system has much better unit-step-response performance and noise-resistance ability than the IOPI control system, which is important for improving the dynamic response characteristics and the robustness of the gyro’s feedback system and enhancing the detection ability of the gyro. Experiments on a resonant optical gyro experimental system also verify the advantages of the FOPI controller in step response and bias stability.
We develop a high precision digital driver of the acoustic-optical frequency shifter (AOFS) based on the parallel direct digital synthesizer (DDS) technology. We use an atomic clock as the phase-locked loop (PLL) reference clock, and the PLL is realized by a dual digital phase-locked loop. A DDS sampling clock up to 320 MHz with a frequency stability as low as 10-12 Hz is obtained. By constructing the RF signal measurement system, it is measured that the frequency output range of the AOFS-driver is 52-58 MHz, the center frequency of the band-pass filter is 55 MHz, the ripple in the band is less than 1 dB@3MHz, the single channel output power is up to 0.3 W, the frequency stability is 1 ppb (1 hour duration), and the frequency-shift precision is 0.1 Hz. The obtained frequency stability has two orders of improvement compared to that of the analog AOFS-drivers. For the designed binary frequency shift keying (2-FSK) and binary phase shift keying (2-PSK) modulation system, the demodulating frequency of the input TTL synchronous level signal is up to 10 kHz. The designed digital-bus coding/decoding system is compatible with many conventional digital bus protocols. It can interface with the ROG signal detecting software through the integrated drive electronics (IDE) and exchange data with the two DDS frequency-shift channels through the signal detecting software.
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