We proposed a concept of a handy-type laser surgical unit for use in outpatient, in ward and in open-air field. To investigate the possibility of the concept, a handy-type semiconductor laser surgical unit was developed experimentally using 2-watts power laser diode with no built-in electrical cooling unit (Peltier chip) and a small rechargeable battery. The drive circuit was constructed with only current limit and ACC circuits. The laser diode was cooled with heat sink and simple fan. Laser irradiation was set to stop at 30 degree Celsius by monitoring the temperature of laser diode with thermistor temperature sensor. With this system, 1.18 watts of laser power at the end of optical fiber with both 600 and 900μm core diameter, and about 30 minutes of continuous irradiating time with Ni-Cd battery (4.8V 1,500mA/h) could be obtained with no over heating in laser diode. The result showed that the high power semiconductor laser could be driven with small battery when specially designed. In an animal experiment, small bleeding could be managed with contact irradiation method. This kind of simple laser surgical unit is considered to be useful for the management of small bleedings in clinical.
The purpose of this study was to find the difference in the size and morphology of the cavities formed by a single pulse of Erbium:YAG laser radiation on enamel or dentin, in air or immersed in water at three different energy levels. The inner surface morphology of cavities without a smear layer might be suitable for adhesive fillings. In water, cavity preparation by Erbium:YAG laser is very effective especially in dentin. Provided irritation to the pulp can be avoided, effective cavitation is better achieved at higher energy level. The efficacy of cavitation at higher energy levels needs to be investigated.
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