Amplification of ultrafast optical pulses is key to a large number of applications in photonics. While ultrashort pulse amplification is well established in optical gain fibers, it is challenging to achieve in photonic-chip integrated waveguides, due to their inherent high-optical nonlinearity.
Here, we demonstrate for the first-time femtosecond pulse amplification on an integrated photonic chip. Our approach translates the concept of chirped pulse amplification to the chip level. Specifically, we leverage tailored all-normal dispersion, large mode-area gain waveguides to realize a low-nonlinearity, high-gain, short-length optical amplifier in which pulse propagation is dominated by dispersion. We show more than 17dB amplification of ultrashort pulses from a 1 GHz femtosecond source at center wavelength of 1815 nm. The amplified pulses have an on-chip output pulse peak power of 800 W with a pulse duration of 116 fs.
Dissipative Kerr solitons (DKS) in high-Q microresonators provide femtosecond pulses and frequency combs with high-repetition rate; they have seen applications from optical spectroscopy, data transfer and laser ranging to astronomical spectrograph calibration. Usually DKS are generated in ring-resonators, where only a limited set of design parameters are available. Here, we demonstrate DKS in an integrated high-Q Fabry-Perot microresonator formed by two photonic crystal reflectors in a waveguide. This platform opens a large design space with opportunities for extension of DKS into new wavelength ranges as well as generally phase-matching and spectral engineering for broadband frequency conversion in integrated nonlinear microresonators.
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