Mr. Thomas Lampe Profile

Thomas Lampe

at Univ Augsburg

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Proceedings Article | 3 November 2016 Presentation

Understanding and predicting the orientation of heteroleptic phosphors in organic light-emitting materials (Conference Presentation)

Tobias Schmidt, Matthew Jurow, Christian Mayr, Thomas Lampe, Peter Djurovic, Mark Thompson, Wolfgang Brütting

Proceedings Volume 9941, 99410R (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2236218

KEYWORDS: Organic light emitting diodes, Molecules, Anisotropy, Internal quantum efficiency, Light sources and illumination, Molecular interactions, Mathematical modeling, Current controlled current source

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Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have made tremendous progress in recent years. The internal quantum efficiency was continuously improved and is nowadays close to the ideal value of unity in state-of-the-art OLEDs. However, still only a small fraction of the internally generated power can be used for lighting aspects as most of the light is captured inside the device due to low outcoupling factors of typically 25%. One promising approach to increase this limiting factor is using an anisotropic orientation of the dye molecules. In particular, horizontal orientation of transition dipole vectors (TDV) of the emitting species is a powerful tool to improve the efficiency of OLEDs. In order to understand the underlying mechanisms for emitter orientation of heteroleptic phosphors, we compared the anisotropy factor of emissive guest/host systems prepared by thermal evaporation using different Ir-complexes incorporating coumarin and phenylpyridin based ligands. These molecules exhibit similar high permanent dipole moments and electrostatic surface potentials but differ in their molecular structure. Interestingly, only molecules with both aromatic and aliphatic ligands show non-isotropic distributions of their TDVs when co-deposited with a matrix material. From these findings we conclude that molecular orientation of heteroleptic Ir-complexes occurs instantaneously at the surface of the growing film and is driven by chemical interactions with the surrounding media, i.e. the vacuum and the aromatic matrix side. Furthermore, it is possible to predict the anisotropy factor for arbitrary molecular orientation with a mathematical model taking into account the geometrical distribution of the TDV on the molecules.

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