Cutting tools are an essential component used in manufacturing parts for different products. Many cutting tools are
manufactured with complex geometric shapes and sharp and/or curved edges. As such, maintaining quality control of
cutting tools during their fabrication may be essential to controlling the quality of components manufactured using the
cutting tools. In this paper, a 3D cutting tool inspection system, is presented. The architecture of the system, the cutter
inspection workflow and some key technologies are discussed. The relative key technologies include two aspects. The
first aspect is the system extrinsic self-calibration method for ensuring the system accuracy. This paper will elaborate on
how to calibrate the orientation and location of the rotary stage in the coordination system, including the relative
relationship between the axis of the chuck used to hold the tool and the rotary axis used to position the tool, along with
the relative relationship between Z stage and rotary axis. Further, this paper will analyze self-calibration solutions for
separately correcting the error of the squareness and optical measuring beam and the error of the alignment between a
side scan and a tip scan. The second aspect this paper will address is a method of scan planning for automatic and
effective data collection. Tool measurement planning plays a big role in saving tool measurement time, improving data
accuracy, as well as ensuring data completeness. Ths paper will present a round-part oriented measurement method that
includes coarse/fine section scans that aim at getting 2D section geometry in a progressive manner, covering the key
sharp/curved edge areas, and the side helical scan combined with the tip round scan for shape-simulated full geometry
capture. Finally, this paper will present experimental results and some field tests data.
KEYWORDS: Data processing, Inspection, Feature extraction, Clouds, Data acquisition, Lead, 3D metrology, Detection and tracking algorithms, Statistical analysis, Denoising
The increase in awareness of the need to improve quality control on part machining efficiency has led to a great deal of
research aimed at cutting tool geometry analysis. This paper presents a framework of preprocessing point-based data and
extracting parameters after feature detection and data segmentation for cutting tool inspection, assuming unorganized
measurement data. The data processing method, including data decimating, smoothing, normal and curvature estimating,
denoising, sorting, as well as re-sampling, are exploited to meet the demands for high quality, data simplification for
geometric analysis. We will discuss the geometry analysis for parameter extraction, including key feature point
detection and key area segmentation based on general reverse engineering solutions and specific cutting tool
characteristics. Based on the presented simplification methods using virtual slicing and rotary axial projection data, some
cutting tool dimensional parameters can be extracted directly. Alternately, based on 2D points on a given cross section, a
plurality of curves can be generated, and optimized by minimizing deviations between the set of points and the plurality
of curves. Section parameters can then be extracted from the optimized curves. Furthermore, the methods and processes
of multi-section based spatial parameter extraction will be illustrated. This paper presents experimental results and field
tests. The experimental results show that the preprocessing is very robust and the parameter extraction results agree with
what is expected.
Xinjiang is an agricultural region in arid climate zone of western China. 58.9% of the river water and 23.1% of the groundwater are used to irrigation regions for agriculture. The water for natural ecosystems decreases constantly. The water utilized for human being and for nature is conflicting. For irrigation water it is existed that high water consumption with low economic return. The water utilization efficiency is 52.6% and the return for per cubic meter water is only 0.15 US Dollar. There are four serious ecological problems related with the improper water utilization in Xinjiang, i.e., the land desertification, the soil secondary salinization, the lake drying and water quality worsening and the vegetation degeneration. In this paper, five countermeasures for sustainable water utilization are presented.
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