Diffusive optical tomography provides a technique for imaging the human body using modulated laser light. The modulation of the light allows measurement of the amplitude and phase of the modulation, which improves the spatial resolution over that which could be obtained with unmodulated light. Diffusive optical tomography is normally described by a diffusion equation for photon density. An alternative description considers the propagation of an optical carrier and two sidebands, and the diffusive wave is the mathematical result of the slight differences among the carrier and sidebands, the result being described as a wave at the difference frequency. This suggested that the use of multiple, closely spaced frequencies might be advantageous in other subsurface imaging. Here we discuss an application to landmine detection under a rough surface.
Humanitarian landmine detection and clearance is one of the most challenging, difficult and time-consuming tasks to be completed with existing technologies. Infrared (IR) Imagery has been used to find differences in heat transfer on the surface of the soil due to a buried object. In this paper, we will describe a method, Dual Frequency Microwave Enhanced Infrared Thermography (MEIT). Heating with microwaves instead of natural sunlight leads to a number of advantages, such as more efficient heating to enhance the thermal signature, and the ability to sense electromagnetic as well as thermal properties of the buried object. However, like other IR techniques, it is limited by surface roughness. Thus, the two frequency technique is used to minimize the clutter introduced by the rough, irregular surface of the ground itself, and vegetation covering the ground. The dependence of scattered waves on frequency is weak enough to makes this possible. A 2-D computational model of this method has been developed to simulate real-world landmine detection. Moreover, ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curves are used to evaluate the performance of the system applying this method.
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